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midterm science
genetics test (edited to become midterm)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| genetics | the scientific study of heredity |
| dominant gene | the strong gene, if it is present whatever it is representing will show |
| hybrid | two different genes for a given trait |
| genotype | gene combination for a given trait |
| phenotype | outward appearance of the genotype |
| girls can only hold... | x chromosomes |
| boys can hold both... | y and x chromosomes |
| sex linked trait | traits that are carried on the x chromosomes of the 23 par of the double helix |
| sex linked traits cannot be on the... | y chromosome |
| incomplete dominance | AKA co dominance; the situation where more than one gene is dominant for a given trait |
| in incomplete dominance... | one gene cannot over power the other |
| traits are passed from... | parent to offspring |
| gene traits determine... | traits |
| genes will always be inherited... | in pairs |
| genes are either... | dominant or ressessive |
| meiosis | cell division of gametes resulting in half the # of chromosomes |
| DNA | deroxyribo nucleic acid |
| double helix | the twisted ladder structure that human DNA takes |
| a only pairs with... | t |
| c only pairs with | g |
| mutation | mistake in DNA |
| mutigan | anything that causes a mutation |
| internal mutation | caused when the pairs are replicated wrong |
| inherited disease | passed to the offspring genetically ex. hemophilia |
| selective breeding | pick the traits that you like from the parent generation and breed |
| gene transfer | moving a single gene from one organism to another |
| why gene transfer bacteria? | reproduce quickly, easy to work with, inexpensive |
| splice | using enzymes to remove a gene from a chromosome |
| recombinant DNA | mixing DNA from different sources to create an entirely new organism |
| cloning | the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of an other |
| SCNT | somatic cell nuclear transfer |
| somatic cell nuclear transfer | in SCNT there is no mixing in DNA |
| mRNA | messenger RNA; carries message as to what protein is needed |
| tRNA | transfer RNA; arranges the protein chain to create what was ordered by mRNA |
| karyotype | gene map done by a genetisist that can tell if there disorder or gender |
| cell | the basic unit of life |
| cell --> tissue --> organs --> ___ --> ___ | systems --> organism |
| Robert Hooke | coined the word "cell". Also the first person to view cells under a microscope |
| vonLeewonhock | first to view animal cells under a microscope |
| spontaneous generation | mistaken belief that life can arise from a nonliving source |
| Louis Pastur | demonstrated that new bacteria grew only with existing bacteria |
| cell theory1 | all living things have cells |
| cell theory2 | cells are the basic unit of function and structure in a living thing |
| cell theory3 | cells can only come from other living cells |
| reproduction |
Created by:
reesescups
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