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LE Cardio vocab
LE cardio vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Circulation | the transport of materials throughout the body |
Atria | upper chambers of the heart |
Ventricle | lower chambers of the heart |
Septum | muscle dividing the right and left sides of the heart |
Atrioventricular valves | valves between the atria and ventricles; control blood flow from atria to ventricle |
Superior vena cava | large vein that drains upper part of body into heart (right atria) |
Inferior vena cava | large vein that drains lower part of body into heart (right atria |
Aorta | largest artery through which blood leaves heart (from left ventricle) |
Pulmonary artery | artery that takes blood from right ventricle to lungs; only artery that carries deoxygenated blood |
Pulmonary vein | vein that takes blood from lungs to left atria; only vein that carries oxygenated blood |
Arteries | carry oxygenated blood away from heart to body cells; under pressure |
Veins | carry deoxygenated blood to the heart; no pressure; contains valves |
Capillaries | single celled thick vessels that connect arteries & veins; exchange of materials occurs here |
Oxygenated | contains oxygen |
Deoxygenated | does not contain oxygen; usually contains CO2 |
Diffusion | passive transport from an area of high concentration to low concentration |
Plasma | liquid portion of the blood |
Red blood cells | carry O2 in form of hemoglobin; mature cells do not contain nucleus |
White blood cells | used in immune response; fight pathogens |
Platelets | used for blood clotting |
Lymph | fluid found in lymph vessels |
Intercellular fluid | ICF – fluid found around cells |
Coronary circulation | circulation within the heart muscle |
Pulmonary circulation | circulation between the heart and lungs |
Systemic circulation | circulation between heart and body cells |
myocardial infarction | heart attack |
high blood pressure | disease can lead to heart disease; increased pressure requires the heart to pump more strongly |
anemia | lack of iron which results in lack of O2 carried by blood; fatigue common symptom |
congestive heart failure | when heart stops pumping; usually due to fluid around the heart or lungs |
hemophilia | blood disease due to a lack of platelets & blood clotting factors; blood cannot clot properly |