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LE Immune Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pathogen | an organism that invades the body causing disease |
| virus | nonliving particle of protein & genetic material that reproduces by invading the cell of a living organism |
| bacteria | any one of many single celled organisms without a distinct nucleus |
| fungus | mostly multicellular with cell walls made of chitin; heterotrophs |
| protist | single celled organism with membrane bound genetic material & organelles |
| host cell | organism that provides a home for the pathogen |
| bacteriophage | a group of viruses that infect specific bacteria, usually causing their disintegration or dissolution |
| Capsid | arrangement of proteins to determine shape of virus & what cells can be identified |
| receptor site | protein molecules found on the cell membrane that can receive chemical messages from other cells; fit like lock & key |
| lytic cycle | the virus reproduces, then weakens the cell wall enough that the cell will lyse, or burst open |
| lysogenic cycle | virus incorporates its. genetic material into the genome of its host, allowing the. virus to lie dormant |
| retrovirus | family of single-stranded RNA viruses having a helical envelope and containing an enzyme that allows for a reversal of genetic transcription, from RNA to DNA rather than the usual DNA to RNA |
| viroids | single circular strand of RNA with no protein coats; causes infectious diseases in several plants |
| diplo growth pattern | paired arrangement |
| staphylo growth pattern | resembles clusters of grapes |
| strepto growth pattern | chain arrangement |
| endospores | tiny structures that contain bacteriums DNA & small amount of cytoplasm, encased by a tough outer covering that resists drying out, temperature extremes and harsh chemicals |
| disease | breakdown of the homeostatic balance in the body |
| lymph nodes | glands found throughout lymph system that cleanse lymph as it travels through the system |
| nonspecific body defenses | immediate response, fights everything; skin, mucus, inflammation, fever |
| specific body defenses | fights specific antigens with specific antibodies & creates memory cells to fight the antigen next time it is encountered |
| T cells | bind to antigens & directly attack infected cells, helper T cells stimulate activity of killer T cells & production of B cells |
| B cells | most secrete antibodies; some become memory cells to fight infection when reintroduced to body |
| immune response | the response of the body to fight off a pathogen |
| vaccine | dead or weakened form of a virus that is injected into a person to initiate the immune response and formation of memory cells without having the disease |
Created by:
jgarrisi
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