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Minerals Vocabulary

Earth Science vocab

TermDefinition
4 characteristics of minerals 1. naturally occuring 2. inorganic 3. element or compound 4. orderly arrangement of atoms, all are crystalline solids
what is a crystal? a solid with atoms arranged in orderly, repeating patterns
some crystals form this hot melted rock below the Earth's surface magma
crystals are large when magma cools quickly or slowly? slowly
crystals are small when magma cools quickly or slowly? quickly
what are the two most abundant elements in the Earth's crust? silicon and oxygen
a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched is known as hardness
what is luster? the way a mineral reflects light
4 nonmetallic lusters dull, pearly, silky, glassy
the ratio of a mineral's weight to the weight of an equal volume of water specific gravity
what is streak? the color of a mineral in powdered form
minerals that break along smooth, flat surfaces have.... cleavage
minerals that break with rough, uneven, or jagged surfaces have... fracture
what are gems? rare and beautiful minerals that are highly prized
what is an ore? a mineral or rock containing a substance that can be mined at a profit
what must be refined or purified from ores? elements
the mineral deposits that are formed from weakness in rocks are called... vein mineral deposits
what is titanium? a useful element that comes from the minerals ilmenite and rutile
Created by: MMS 8th
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