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Bio Standard B.6(E)

identify and illustrate changes in DNA and evaluate the significance of these...

TermDefinition
DNA a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix
Genetic change happens spontaniously when the DNA is reproducing itself but can also be because of radio activity, sun light, chemicals a virus or in a laboratory.
Chromosome DNA-containing structure that carries genetic material from one generation to another.
Mutation permanent change in a cell's DNA, ranging from changes in a single base pair to deletions of large sections of chromosomes.
Base sequence The order of nucleotide bases in a DNA molecule. Length is usually defined as the number of base pairs.
Substitution mutation a type of mutation where one base pair is replaced by a different base pair. The term also refers to the replacement of one amino acid in a protein with a different amino acid.
Insertion mutation is the addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence. This can often happen in microsatellite regions due to the DNA polymerase slipping.
Deletion mutation is a mutation (a genetic aberration) in which a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is lost during DNA replication.
Frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by indels (insertions or deletions) of a number of nucleotides in a DNA sequence that is not divisible by three.
Codon three-base code in DNA or RNA.
DNA triplet three consecutive nitrogenous bases in the code of DNA
Gamete a haploid sex cell, formed during meiosis that can combine with another haploid sex cell and produce a diploid fertilized egg.
Created by: sstall
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