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SLS Bio12 DNA HH

SLS Bio12 DNA Protein Synthesis HH

TermDefinition
complementary base pairing the specific arrangement of bases in nucleotides (adenine with thymine, cytosine with guanine)
DNA Helicase an enzyme that unwinds the double helix of DNA
DNA Polymerase an enzyme that assembles the nucleotides on the DNA strands
recombinant DNA the combination of two or more different sources of DNA put together artificially
replication duplicating the strands of DNA
semi conservative replication creating two new strands of DNA which both have a strand from the original DNA
anti codon a sequence of three bases located on tRNA which complement three other bases on mRNA
codon a sequence of three bases located on mRNA that correspond to a specific amino acid attached to tRNA
DNA sequence (genetic code) the specific order of bases in DNA
elongation a step in translation where the tRNA brings in amino acids and forms a polypeptide chain
environmental mutagen induces a mutation (radiation, virus, chemicals etc)
genetic disorder a disorder that has been inherited through your genes (Huntington disease, Marfan syndrome)
initiation the starting codon on the mRNA that begins the process of translation
messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the blueprint for the structure of the protein that will be made, made from copying DNA
mutation changing the structure of the gene sequence in your DNA, caused by one single alteration
termination the stop codon on the mRNA that tells the protein to end
transcription the process of making RNA strands from copying the information from the DNA strands
transfer RNA (tRNA) in the cytoplasm where they bring the correct amino acid to the ribosome for translation to occur
translation the process where polypeptide chains are made with the aid of the ribosome, mRNA and tRNA
Created by: hhenderson
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