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7th IE: Chapter 5
7th grade science: Inside Earth Chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Rock-Forming-minerals | One of the common minerals that make up most of the rocks of earth’s crust |
| Granite | A light-colored rock that has high silica content. |
| Basalt | A dark-colored rock that is low in silica content. |
| Grain | Rocks made up of particles of minerals or other rocks. |
| Texture | The look and feel of the rock’s surface. |
| Igneous Rock | Forms from the cooling of magma or lava. |
| Sedimentary Rock | Forms when other particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed or cemented together. |
| Metamorphic Rock | Forms when existing rock is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions. |
| List the (3) characteristics used to identify rocks. | Color, texture, and mineral composition. |
| Identify and describe the three major groups of rocks | Igneous (formed by cooling of lava or magma), Sedimentary (formed when plant & animal remains are pressed or cemented together), Metamorphic (formed by heat, pressure, and chemical reactions) |
| Extrusive Rock | Formed by cooling lava on the earth’s surface. |
| Intrusive Rock | Formed by cooling magma within earth. |
| Identify the (3) characteristics used to classify igneous rocks | Origin, texture, and mineral composition. |
| Describe ways in which igneous rocks are used | Statues, fortresses, paving streets, and public buildings. |
| Sediment | Small, solid particles (rock or remains of living things) |
| Erosion | Rocks broken down by weathering and moved by erosion (running water, wind, or ice) |
| Deposition | The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it. |
| Compaction | Sediment squeezed together by pressure. |
| Cementation | Minerals glue sediments together. |
| Clastic Rock | Made from broken pieces of rock. |
| Organic Rock | From plant and animal remains. |
| Chemical Rock | Minerals dissolved in water crystallize. |
| Describe (4) how sedimentary rocks form. | Erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation |
| List and describe the three major types of sedimentary rocks. | clastic (Made from broken pieces of rock), organic ( from plant and animal remains), Chemical (Minerals dissolved in water crystals) |
| Explain how sedimentary rocks are used. | Outside walls of buildings, cement, and steel. |
| Foliated | Metamorphic rocks that have their grains arranged in parallel layers of bands. |
| Nonfoliated | Metamorphic rocks that have mineral grains arranged randomly. |
| Describe the conditions under which metamorphic rocks form. | Heat and pressure |
| Identify the ways in which geologists classify metamorphic rocks. | Classify them according to the arrangement of the grains that make up the rocks. |
| Explain how metamorphic rocks are used. | Buildings, statues, roofing, flooring, outdoor walkways, chalkboards, and as trim for stone buildings. |
| Rock Cycle | A series of processes on earth’s surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly change rocks from one kind to another. |
| Describe the rock cycle. | Magma & lava + volcanic activity= Igneous rock + Erosion= Sediment + Deposition=Sedimentary rock + heat & pressure= Metamorphic rock + melting= Magma & lava |
| Explain the role of plate tectonics in the rock cycle. | Plate movements start the rock cycle by helping to form magma, the source of igneous rock. |
Created by:
Marley360
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