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A&PII
Lab quiz 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Definition of hematocrit | Packed cell volume- capacity to transpot 02 |
| Normal hematocrit for males is? | 46% |
| Normal hematocrit for females is? | 42% |
| What factors would cause a decreased Hct? | low iron levels, decreased B12, blood donation, malnourishment, menstrual cycle |
| What factors cause an increased Hct? | blood doping, excessive steroid use, dehydration, liver malfunction |
| Define Hemoglobin | Protein oxygen binding, made of 4 polypeptide chains of 2 alpha and 2 beta |
| The normal hemoglobin for men is? | 13-18g/100mL of blood |
| The normal hemoglobin for women is? | 12-16g/100mL of blood |
| Blood type A contains: | Has A agglutinogens and anti- B antibodies (agglutinins) |
| Blood type B contains: | Has B agglutinogens and anti- A antibodies |
| Blood type AB contains: | Has both A and B agglutinogens and no A or B antibodies |
| Type O blood contains: | Has no A or B agglutinogens, but has A and B antibodies |
| Rh+ blood contains: | has D agglutinogens and no anti-D antibodies |
| Rh- blood contains: | has no D agglutinogens and no anti-D antibodies |
| The vertical axis (Y axis) of an electrocardiogram is: | millivolts |
| The horizontal axis (X axis) of an EKG is: | time/seconds |
| The PQRST cycle is: | shows the electrical activity of the heart |
| The P wave is: | atrial depolarization |
| P-R segment is: | when the atria contract |
| QRS complex is: | repolarization of the atria and depolarization of the ventricles |
| ST segment is: | Ventricles contracting |
| T Wave is: | repolarization of the ventricles |
| Define bradycardia: | low heart rate: typically under 50bpm |
| Define tachycardia: | high heart rate: typically above 100bpm |
| What is ventricular fibrillation? | worst heart arrhythmia, when the heart quivers and does not move the blood. |
| What is a heart block? | Damage to the conduction pathways caused by mechanical distortion, ischemia, infection, or inflammation and affects normal rhythm. |
| What is ectopic focus? | abnormal conducting or ventricle muscle cell starts generating action potentials at a faster rate. These impulses can override the action potentials of the SA and AV nodes. |
| What is premature ventricular contraction(PVC)? | caused by purkinje cells or ventricular myocardial cell depolarizes to threshold and triggers a premature contraction. Frequency of PVC's can be increased by epinephrine or other stimulating drugs. |
| What is ST Segment depression? | indicates ischemia |
| What are the 3 leads used for a 3 lead? | 1. right wrist 2. right anticubitol 3. left anticubitol |
| What are the leads used for a 12 lead EKG? | L1, L2, L3, AVR, AVF, AVL, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, and V6 |
| Which lead gives the best view of the heart? | Lead II |
| How many electrodes are used and where are they placed? | 12 electrodes used and placed on the shoulders, chest, and ankles |
| How many views does a 3 EKG provide? | 1 view |
| How many views does a 12 EKG provide? | 12 views |
| Which leads are bipolar? | L1, L2, and L3 |
| Which leads are unipolar? | AVR, AVL, AVF, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, and V6 |
| What are the pros of a 12 lead EKG? | Give a great comprehensive picture of the heart |
| What are the cons of a 12 lead EKG? | Long set up time and sticky probes need to be placed firmly |
| What are the pros of a 3 lead EKG? | Quick and easy |
| What are the cons of a 3 lead EKG? | Not as comprehensive a picture |
| Why do you scrub the area with alcohol prior to placing the electrodes? | After removing excess sebum from the skin it will give better skin contact |
Created by:
melissaliddic
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