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Genetics Test

QuestionAnswer
The passing of traits from parents to offspring is? hereditary
Different forms of the same gene are known as? alleles
An organism has 2 identical alleles for a trait (such as SS) is? purebred or homozygous
How many chromosomes are present in a human sex cell? 23
What is found inside the nucleus that controls cell activites?? DNA
What is the set of instructions for each characteristic that are donated by the parent to the offspring called? Genes
The actual inherited combination of alleles (BB, Bb, bb) are known as the offsprings? genotype
The organism's appearance is known as its? phenotype
If the 2 pleants are crossed, Tt x Tt, what is the probability that the offspring plants will show the recessive trait? 25%
When cells are not dividing, what stage of the cell cycle are the cells in? Interphase
What are 2 functions of a chromosomes? determine traits and control cell process.
In a DNA molecule, what bases pair together? A and T & C and G
In a DNA strand, what are the sides of the "ladder" made of? sugar and phosphate
In a DNA, what are the "rungs" of the ladder made of? 4 types of bases
What would be the complimentary strand to this DNA sequence: TAGGCTA? ATCCGAT
What is the purpose of meiosis? To create 4 gametes/sex cells.
What is the purpose of mitosis? To create 2 identical daughter cells.
What type of cell division do gametes undergo? meiosis
If a plant cell has 20 chromosomes in its egg cell, how many chromosomes would its leaf cell contain? 40 chromosomes
Why is mitosis important? You end with 2 identical daughter cells.
What are the steps of mitosis? Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.
How are sex cells different from other human cells? Half the chromosomes
What does the genotype Tt mean to geneticists? one dominant, 1 recessive
What does a Punnett square show? possible outcome.
What is a heterozygous organism? 2 different allels
Why do cells need to produce new cells? replace old, dying cells.
What happens during telophase? New cytoplasm forms
Genes are located on? the chromosomes
If an organism has 40 chromosomes in its body cells, how many chromosomes would be in its egg cell? 20 chromosomes
Why must daughter cells be identical to the parent cells? To perform the same function.
How many chromosomes do human have? 46
What happens during metaphase? line up in the middle.
What happens during anaphase? chromosomes seperate
How is asexual reproduction important to humans? body cells
Before a cell divides, what must happen? It must copy.
What is the order of the cell cycle? IPMATC
Created by: 1963019452
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