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Genetics Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The passing of traits from parents to offspring is? | hereditary |
| Different forms of the same gene are known as? | alleles |
| An organism has 2 identical alleles for a trait (such as SS) is? | purebred or homozygous |
| How many chromosomes are present in a human sex cell? | 23 |
| What is found inside the nucleus that controls cell activites?? | DNA |
| What is the set of instructions for each characteristic that are donated by the parent to the offspring called? | Genes |
| The actual inherited combination of alleles (BB, Bb, bb) are known as the offsprings? | genotype |
| The organism's appearance is known as its? | phenotype |
| If the 2 pleants are crossed, Tt x Tt, what is the probability that the offspring plants will show the recessive trait? | 25% |
| When cells are not dividing, what stage of the cell cycle are the cells in? | Interphase |
| What are 2 functions of a chromosomes? | determine traits and control cell process. |
| In a DNA molecule, what bases pair together? | A and T & C and G |
| In a DNA strand, what are the sides of the "ladder" made of? | sugar and phosphate |
| In a DNA, what are the "rungs" of the ladder made of? | 4 types of bases |
| What would be the complimentary strand to this DNA sequence: TAGGCTA? | ATCCGAT |
| What is the purpose of meiosis? | To create 4 gametes/sex cells. |
| What is the purpose of mitosis? | To create 2 identical daughter cells. |
| What type of cell division do gametes undergo? | meiosis |
| If a plant cell has 20 chromosomes in its egg cell, how many chromosomes would its leaf cell contain? | 40 chromosomes |
| Why is mitosis important? | You end with 2 identical daughter cells. |
| What are the steps of mitosis? | Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase. |
| How are sex cells different from other human cells? | Half the chromosomes |
| What does the genotype Tt mean to geneticists? | one dominant, 1 recessive |
| What does a Punnett square show? | possible outcome. |
| What is a heterozygous organism? | 2 different allels |
| Why do cells need to produce new cells? | replace old, dying cells. |
| What happens during telophase? | New cytoplasm forms |
| Genes are located on? | the chromosomes |
| If an organism has 40 chromosomes in its body cells, how many chromosomes would be in its egg cell? | 20 chromosomes |
| Why must daughter cells be identical to the parent cells? | To perform the same function. |
| How many chromosomes do human have? | 46 |
| What happens during metaphase? | line up in the middle. |
| What happens during anaphase? | chromosomes seperate |
| How is asexual reproduction important to humans? | body cells |
| Before a cell divides, what must happen? | It must copy. |
| What is the order of the cell cycle? | IPMATC |
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