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Weathering/Erosion
Soil Formation Neumeyer 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bedrock | solid layer of rock beneath soil; once exposed, bedrock gradually weathers in smaller particles that are the basic material of soil |
| Soil | loose mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, air and water, in which plants can grow |
| Humus | dark colored substance in soil from decayed or organic material |
| Fertility | measure of how well soil supports plant growth |
| Loam | soil that is made up of clay, sand and silt, best for growing most types of plants |
| Soil Horizon | layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above and below it |
| Topsoil | the 'A' horizon or the top layer is crumbly, dark brown mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals |
| Subsoil | the 'B' horizon below the topsoil consisting of clay and other particles washed down from the topsoil, but little humus |
| 'C' Horizon | bottom layer containing partly weathered rock |
| Soil Conservation | management of soil to prevent its destruction |
| Contour Plowing | farmers plow their fields along the curves of the slope to help slow of excess rainfall, which may wash away the soil |
| Conservation Plowing | farmers leave dead weeds and stalks of the previous crops to all return nutrients to soil, helps retain moisture and holds soil in place |
| Crop Rotation | farmers plant different crops in each field in each year |
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