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Sheep production
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| weight of lamb at birth | 3-5kg |
| gestation | 149 days |
| oestrous cycle | 17 days |
| oestrous / heat | 36 hours |
| terminal sire | ram used to produce lamb for meat with good carcase quality and lean meat |
| BCS at mating for ewe / ram | 3.5 -4 |
| name 2 mountain breeds | blackface mountain wicklow cheviot |
| name two prolific breeds to increas litter size | border leicester Belclare improver |
| decribe 3 characteristics of blackface mountain | hardy, black face, horns, long wool |
| name a ram used for early (easter) lamb | Suffolk |
| why is a suffolk used for early lamb | fast growth rate - reach slaughter weight in 14 weeks |
| name a native irish breed | Galway |
| what is a cast ewe | A mountain ewe whose fertility has declined on the mountain, are bought by lowland farmers and once on a high plane of nutrition fertility improves |
| "ewe is for quantity" - discuss | number of eggs and therefore litter dependent on ewe also her mothering qualities important. |
| "Ram is for quality" - discuss | he provides qualites such as growth rate, muscle mass, carcase quality |
| list 4 things a farmer would look for in a quality breeding ewe | good teeth & feet, good udder, good confirmation, age, health |
| list 3 things a farmer would look for in a quality breeding ram | good teeth & feet, BCS, confirmation, health, age |
| explain the term seasonally polyoestrous | ewes have a number of breeding cycles at a certain time of year |
| explain the term short day breeders | sheep only beed in the autumn time when light levels are low |
| explain how shortening day lenght influences the oestrous cycles of sheep | reduced day light increases the production of melatonin in the pineal gland causes a hormone chain reaction which increases FSH levels |
| Explain flushing | post weaning ewes are put on a low plane of nutrition (using high stocking rate), 3-4 weeks before the ram is introduced put on high plane of nutrition to increase BCS to 3.5 -4 |
| name two methods of synchronised breeding | sponging (artificial) ram effect (natural) |
| explain sponging | progesterone sponge inserted in vagina for 12 -14 days, removed, 24-36 hours later all come in heat |
| what is the ram:ewe ratio for sponging | 1:10 |
| explain the term ram effect | ewes and rams separated for 6 weeks, suddenly introduce rams, 24 - 36 hours come into heat |
| what is the ram:ewe ratio for ram effect | 1:20 |
| during normal breeding what is the ram:ewe ration | 1:40 |
| explain the term breeding out of season | ewes are bred early (july) for the easter market, progesterone sponges inserted into vagina, removed 12-14 days later, inject with PMSG, heat 24-36 hours later |
| list 3 advantages of flushing | better implantation, more eggs released, higher conception rates |
| list 3 advantages of synchronised breeding | reduces lambing time, all lambs at same stage, ready for slaughter at once |
| what is scanning and why is it used | using ultrasounds to dermine if a ewe is in lamb and if so with how many. need to know amount of lambs to feed ewe appropiately to prevent twin lamb disease |
| Explain the term steaming up | in the final 6-7 weeks of gestation the ewes are put on an increased plane of nutrition depending on the number of lambs they are carrying 100g-500g for singles 100g - 700g for twins + |
Created by:
msbrowne
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