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Volcanoes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ring of Fire | area around the Pacific Ocean where a lot of volcanoes are found |
| volcano | opening in Earth that erupts gases, ash, and lava |
| acid raid | created from sulfuric gases from volcanos; kills animals and pollutes water |
| vent | what magma flows out of |
| crater | depression (low spot) around a vent |
| plates | move together or apart to form volcanoes |
| divergent plate | spread apart |
| convergent plate | push together |
| hot spot | created at boundary between mantle and core |
| # of volcanoes in Hawaii | 5 |
| Hawaiian volcanoes | Mauna Koa, Kilawea, Mauna Loa, Kohala, Hualalai |
| explosive eruption | trapped gas, water vapor, granitic or andesitic magma |
| quiet eruption | basaltic magma |
| Pahoehoe lava | runs down the side of a volcano |
| Aa lava | stiff, slow moving lava |
| shield volcano | quiet eruption with gently sloping sides |
| cinder cone volcano | tephra falls to the ground; steep sides |
| tephra | bits of rocks or solidified lava |
| composite volcano | alternating layers of quiet lava and explosive tephra |
| batholith | magma being forced upward that cools slowly and solidifies before reaching the surface |
| dike | magma that hardens after filling a crack that cuts across rock layers |
| sill | magma that hardens after filling a crack parallel to rock layers |
| volcanic neck | formed when cone erodes away leaving solid igneous core |
| caldera | large depression formed when the top of a volcano collapses |
| weathering | wears down surface rock to expose igneous features |
Created by:
GarrisonWAHS