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Rad tech
lower limb positioning
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The fibula articulates with the tibia at the? | distal end of the proximal end |
| how many bones are in the foot? | 26 |
| The CR is directed where for an AP or axial projection of the foot? | base of the 3rd metatarsal |
| What lateral projection of the foot is the most commonly performed? | mediolateral (lateral recumbent position) |
| Where should the CT enter on an AP projection of the ankle? | midway between the malleoli and ankle joint |
| What is the 2nd largest tarsal bone? | talus |
| To prevent lateral rotation how should the foot be positioned for a lateral projection of the ankle? | dorsiflexion |
| Which method best demonstrates the patella in tangential projection? | settegast |
| Which projection will clearly demonstrate the joint spaces between the talus and both malleoli? | AP oblique, 15-20 degrees, internal rotation |
| What is the most commonly performed projection of the foot? | AP oblique in medial rotation |
| How much should the leg be flexed for a lateral projection of the knee? | 20-30 degrees |
| What projections of the ankle are performed on a patient following an inversion or eversian injury? | AP stress study |
| For a lateral projection of the ankle, where should the CR enter? | perpendicular to the ankle joint at the medial malleus or lateral malleus |
| What is not clearly demonstrated on an AP projection of the ankle? | ankle mortise |
| The essential projections of the calcaneous are? | axial (plantdorsal) lateral (mediolateral) |
| The CR angle for a lateral projection of the ankle? | zero |
| When the knee is properly positioned for an AP projection, the patella will lie? | slightly to the medial side |
| The inferior aspect of the foot is termed? | plantar surface |
| How is the CR directed for the PA axial projection (Holmblad method) of the incondylar fossa? | perpendicular to the lower leg |
| What must be rotated for all oblique projections of the ankle? | leg and foot |
| The largest and strongest tarsal bone? | calcaneous |
| What is the position of the femoral condyles when the leg is properly positioned for an AP projection? | parallel to the IR |
| Which projections of the foot will best demonstrate the structural status of the longitudinal arch? | lateral wt bearing |
| To demonstrate the ankle mortise, the leg and foot should be rotated? and how many degrees? | medially, 15-20 degrees |
| For a lateral projection of the foot, the CR should be directed to the? | base of the 3rd metatarsal |
| Which position will clearly demonstrate the cuboid? | AP oblique, medial rotation |
| Which specific projections of the ankle are performed to diagnose a tear of the medial or lateral ligament? | AP eversion stress AP inversion stress |
| Valgus and varus deformities of the knee can be evaluated with what projections? | AP bilateral wt bearing |
| Where is the CR directed for an AP projection of the knee? | 1/2" below the patellar apex |
| How many tarsal bones are in the foot? | 7 |
| What is the 2nd largest bone in the body? | tibia |
| Which structures form the ankle mortise? | lateral malleous of the fibula, medial malleolus of the tibia, inferior surface of the tibia |
| largest bone in the body? | femur |
| Often the leg is too long to fit on one IR, which joint(s) should be included on the IR when the site of the lesion is known? | the joint closest to the lesion |
| What situation will ensure that the knee is in proper position for a lateral projection? | epicondyles are perpendicular to the IR, Patella is perpendicular the the IR, leg is flexed 20-30 degrees. |
| How far should the IR extend beyond the ankle or knee joint for an AP projection of the leg? | 1.5" |
| For an AP projection of the knee, the limb is rotated? | 45 degrees |
| Which joint(s) should be clearly demonstrated on a lateral projection of the leg? | knee and ankle |
| Where does the CR enter the knee for a lateral projection of the patella? | through the patellofemoral joint space |
| Which position is the patient placed in for a PA projection of the patella? | prone |
| How many degrees of angulation are required to open the interphalangeal joint spaces of the otes on an AP projection? | 15 degrees |
| Where will the fibula be located on a properly positioned lateral radiograph of the ankle? | over the posterior half of the tibia |
| how many metatarsal bones are there? | 5 |
| What is the CR angle for a PA projection of the patella? | zero |
| How much is the knee flexed for a lateral projection of the patella? | 5-10 degrees |
| What methods are used to demonstrate the incondylar fossa? | Homblad (PA axial) and Camp-coventry PA axial |
| The CR angulation for an AP oblique projection of the toes? | zero |
| Where should the CR be directed for a PA projection of the patella? | midpoplital area |
| The CR angulation for a lateral projection of the knee is? | 5-7 cephalad |
| What is the CR angle for a lateral projection of the patella? | zero |
| How many phalanges are in the big toe? | 2 |
| In order to place the patella parallel with the lane of the IR for a PA projection, the heel must be rotated? | 5-10 degrees laterally |
| How many phalanges are in the foot? | 14 |
| What tarsal bone is located between the talus and cuneiforms? | navicular |
| Name the tarsal bones that articulate with the metatarsals? | cuneifomrs and cuboid |
| Which metatarsal has a tuberosity that is prominent at its base? | 5th metatarsal |
| What other term refers to the tibial spine? | intercondylar eminence |
| Which tibial condyle has a facet for articulation with the head of the fibula? | lateral |
| Name the large bony process that extends both medially and inferior from the distal end of the tibia? | medial malleolus |
| Articulations of the tibia? | femoraltibial, proximal tibiofibular, distal tibiofibular tibiotalor |
| How many degrees of rotation are needed to properly rotate the foot for the AP oblique projection of the toes? | 30-45 degrees |
| What other term refers to the AP projection of the foot? | dorsoplantar |
| The plantodrosal projection refers to the? | axial projection |
| Which projection of the calcaneus, axial or lateral, best demonstrates the sinus tarsi? | lateral |
| the ankle joint is formed by articulations between? | lateral melleolus of the fibula inferior surface of the tibia medial malleolus of the tibia |
| where do the talus and calcaneus articulate? | subtalar joint |
| known as the anterior border of the tibia? | crest |
| what is the large process at the distal end of the tibia? | medial malleolus |
| what are the two prominent processes on the proximal end of the tibia? | condyles |
| two peaklike processes arising from the intercondylar eminence? | tubercles |
| sharp projection between the two superior articular surfaces? | intercondylar eminence |
| how many interphalanegeal articulations does one foot have? | 9 |
| what type of movement do the interphalangeal joints permit? | flexion and extentsion |
| how many bones are found in the lower limb? | 30 |
| name the lateral bone of the leg? | fibula |
Created by:
srehrauer
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