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Unit 8 Biology
practice test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which person: mom or dad determines the sex of a baby? | dad |
| What is a Karyotype? | a set of photographs of chromosomes grouped in ordered pairs |
| How many chromosomes do human gametes have? | 23 |
| What are 2 ways chromosomes get arranged for a karyotype? | homologous pairs, autosomal vs. sex chromosomes |
| What chromosome are disorders mostly found on? Why? | X chromosome; because it's larger and it carries more genes |
| COdominance represents: | spots |
| INCOMPLETE dominance represents: | blend |
| A transgenic organsim is one that- | contains DNA from another organism |
| Define Gene Therapy | Process of changing the gene that causes a disorder in order to eliminate the cause of the disorder |
| What is the gene called that normally prevents tumor growth in you body? | p53 |
| First authorized attempt to cure a human genetic disorder by gene therapy occurred in | 1990 |
| First successful attempt to cure a genetic disorder by gene therapy occurred in | 1999 |
| DNA Fingerprinting is used to determine- | paternity |
| Define Hybridization | breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms |
| Define Inbreeding | continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics |
| What is the risk of inbreeding? | there's a chance for a genetic defect |
| How do breeders increase genetic variation? | they induce mutations, the ultimate source of variability |
| How do breeders increase mutation rate? | they use radiation and chemicals |
| What are polyploid plants? | plants containing many sets of chromosomes |
| Why are plasmids used for DNA transfer? | it ensures the transformed bacteria will be replicated and plasmids contain a gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry the plasmid and the foreign DNA from those that don't |
| In 1986, who transferred luciferase into tobacco plant cells? | Steven Howell |
| What is a similarity between transgenic plants vs transgenic animals? | they both improve food supply |
| transgenic also means: | genetically modified |
| In 1997, who cloned a sheep who he named Dolly? | Ian Wilmut |
| What is the first step to cloning animals? | the nucleus of an egg cell is removed |
| What is the second step to cloning animals? | the cell is fused with a cell taken from another adult |
| What is the third step to cloning animals? | the cell is tricked into thinking it's fertilized and begins to divide |
| What is the last step to cloning animals? | the embryo is then placed in the reproductive system of a foster surrogate mother, where it develops normally |
Created by:
laurenperdue
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