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Earthquakes&Volcanoe

Earthquakes&Volcanoes

TermDefinition
Fold A form of ductile strain in which rock layers bend, usually as a result of compression.
Syncline A downward fold of stratified rocks in which the sides slope downward toward each other.
Anticline An arch-shaped fold in rock layers in which the oldest layer is in the center of the fold.
Stress In geology, the amount of force per unit area that acts on a rock.
Compression In geology, A reduction in the volume of a substance due to pressure changes.
Tension Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle.
Shearing Stress that pushes a mass of rock in opposite directions.
Faults A break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another.
Reverse Fault A fault in which the hanging wall moves up in relation to the footwall.
Normal Fault A fault in which the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall.
Strike-slip fault A fault in which the two fault blocks move past each other horizontally.
Fault Block Mountain A mountain that forms where faulting breaks Earth's crust into large blocks, which causes some blocks to drop down relative to other blocks.
Seismic Waves A vibration in rock that travels out from the focus of an earthquake in all directions; seismic waves can also be caused by explosions.
Seismograph An instrument that records vibrations in the ground.
Ring of Fire Is a volcano belt formed by many volcanoes that border the Pacific Ocean.
Hot Spot A volcanically active area of Earth's surface, commonly far from a tectonic plate boundary.
Shield Volcano A large, gently sloped volcano that forms by eruptions of basaltic lava flows.
Composite Volcano A volcano made of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material; also called stratovolcano.
Cinder Cone This type of volcano has a combination of both explosive and non-explosive eruptions.
Active Said of a volcano that is erupting or has shown signs of erupting in the near future.
Dormant Sleeping, but can still erupt.
Extinct Said of a volcano that is unlikely to erupt again.
Created by: mayawbee
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