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Biology
Ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biosphere | Part of Earth in which life exists including land, water , and air or atmosphere |
| Species | A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| Population | Group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area |
| Community | Assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area |
| Ecology | Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment. |
| Ecosystem | All the organisms that live in a place, together with their non-living environment |
| Biome | A group of. Ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms |
| Biotic factor | Any living part of the environment with which an organism might interact |
| Abiotic factor | Physical, or non-living factor that shapes an ecosystem. |
| Autotroph | Organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food; also called a producer |
| Primary producer | First producer of energy-rich compounds that are later used by other organisms |
| Photosynthesis | Process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon and water into energy rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches |
| Chemosynthesis | Process in which chemical energy is used to produce carbohydrates |
| Heterotroph | Organism that obtains food by consuming other living things;also called a consumer. |
| Consumer | Organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply;also called a Heterotroph |
| Carnivore | Organism that obtains energy by eating animals |
| Herbivore | Organism that obtains energy by eating only plants |
| Scavenger | Animal that consumes the carcasses of other animals |
| Omnivore | Organisms that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals |
| Decomposer | Organism down obtains energy from dead organic matter |
| Detritivore | Organism that feeds on plant remains and other dead matter |
| Food chain | Series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms energy by eating and being eaten. |
| Phytoplankton | Photosynthetic algae found near the surface on the ocean |
| Food web | Network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem. |
| Zooplankton | Small free-floating animals that form part of plankton |
| Tropic level | Each step in a food chain |
| Ecological Pyramid | Illustration of the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a given food chain or food web |
| Biomass | Total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level |
| Bio geochemical cycle | Process in which elements, chemical compounds ,and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another |
| Nutrient | Chemical substance that an organism needs to sustain life |
| Nitrogen fixation | Process of converting nitrogen gas into nitrogen compounds that plants can absorb and use |
| Denitrification | Process by which bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas |
| Limiting nutrient | Single essential nutrient that limits productivity in an ecosystem |
Created by:
Shaufnm1
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