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Meiosis
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| crossing over | exchange of chromosomal segments between a pair of homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis |
| diploid | having two copies of each chromosome (2n) |
| fertilization | process by which haploid gametes combine, forming a diploid cell with 2n chromosomes, with n from the female and n from the male parent |
| gamete | a haploid sex cell, formed during meiosis, that can combine with another haploid sex cell and produce a diploid fertilized egg. |
| gene | functional unit of DNA that controls inherited trait expression that is passed on from one generation to the next |
| haploid | cell with half the number of chromosomes (n) as a diploid (2n) cell; gamete or sex cell |
| homologous chromosome | one of two paired chromosomes, one from each parent, that carries genes for a specific trait at the same location |
| meiosis | reduction division process, occurring only in reproductive cells, in which one diploid (2n) cell produces 4 haploid (n) cells that are not genetically identical. |