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Notes on Tonicity
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Diffusion | The movement of molecules of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lesser concentration to reach equilibrium |
| Passive transport or simple diffusion | The movement of molecules from an area of higher to lower concentration to reach equilibrium without expanderes of energy. |
| Facilitated diffusion | The transport of substances across a membrane by means of a carrier molecule |
| Active transport | When solute must pass through the cell membrane past its concentration gradient. |
| Osmosis | The movement of molecules of a solvent through a semi permeable membrane from an area of higher to lesser concentration to reach equilibrium |
| Concentration gradient | The direction of the movement of molecules of substances. |
| Tonicity | Movement of molecules of a substance is inside and out of the cell |
| Isotonic | When solvent can go inside and outside of the cell because there is an equal amount of solvent and solute outside and inside the cell |
| Hypertonic | When solvent can only go outside of the cell because there is a greater amount of solvent inside the cell. There is a smaller amount of solute outside of the cell. As a result the cell shrink |
| Hypotonic | When solvent only inside of the cell because there's a greater amount of solvent outside. There is a lesser amount of solute inside the cell. As a result the cell will swell. |
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