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Module 42+43
Social Thinking + Social Influence
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Attribution | a conclusion about the cause of an observed behavior/event |
| Situational Attribution | factors outside the person doing the action, such as peer pressure |
| Dispositional Attribution | the person's stable, enduring traits, personality, ability, emotions |
| Fundamental Attribution Error | when we go too far in assuming that a person's behavior is caused by their personality (a behavior demonstrates a trait); overemphasize dispositional attribution and underemphasize situational attribution. |
| Attitudes | feelings, ideas and beliefs that affect how we approach and react to each other people, objects, and events. |
| Central Route Persuasion | going directly through the rational mind, influencing attitudes with evidence and logic (eg. my product has been proven more effective); takes longer, but lasts longer |
| Peripheral Route Persuasion | changing attitudes by going around the rational mind and appealing to fears, desires, associations (eg. Jennifer aniston uses my product! So does Ryan Gosling!); temporary and takes less time |
| Door-in-the-face technique | tendency to be more likely to agree to a smaller request after being presented with and turning down a larger one. |
| Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon | tendency to be more likely to agree to a large request after agreeing to a small one. |
| Effects of Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon | adjust attitudes and actions (eg. liking the people they agreed to help and disliking the people they agreed to harm) |
| Stanford Prison Study | ending up adopting the attitudes of whatever roles they were randomly assigned to; "guards" had demeaning views of "prisoners" and "prisoners" has rebellious dislife of "guards" |
| Cognitive Dissonance | when our actions are not in harmony with out attitudes |
| Cognitive Dissonance Theory | we tend to resolve this dissonance by changing our attitudes to fit our actions. |
| Conformity | adjusting our behavior or thinking to fit with a group standard. |
| Automatic mimicry | affecting behavior (not by choice): contagious yawning, adopting regional accents, empathetic shifts in mood that fit the mood of people around us, and adopting coping styles (violence, yellow, withdrawal) |
| The chameleon Effect | form of unconscious mimicry: collaborator intentionally rubbed face or shook foot, which led to a greater likelihood of participant doing the same behavior. |
| Social norm | a "correct"/"normal" way to behave or think in this group |
| Normative Social Influence | going along with others in pursuit of social approval or belonging (to avoid disapproval/rejection) |
| Informational Social Influence | going along with others because their ideas and behaviors make sense, evidence in our social environments changes our minds (deciding which side of the road to drive on) |
| Social Facilitation | individual performance is intensified when you are observed by others (eg. like running in a marathon or performing better in a larger audience) |
| Social Loafing | tendency of people in a group to show less effort when not held individually accountable. |
| Deindividuation | happens when people are in group situations involving anonymity and arousal. |
| Group Polarization | when people of similar views form a group, discussion within the group makes their views more extreme. Thus different groups become MORE different, more polarized, in their views (liberal vs. conservatives). |
| GroupThink | in pursuit of social harmony (and avoidance of open disagreement) groups will make decisions w/o an open exchange of ideas (prevents thinking and realistic assessment) |
Created by:
mariaramos2012
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