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8th- Mineral Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| mineral | a naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline, solid with a definite chemical composition |
| inorganic | comes from a non-living process or object |
| ore | rocks containing minerals that can be mined |
| native mineral | elements that are also mineral, such as gold (Au) |
| mineral family | the way minerals are grouped together using their chemical composition |
| oxides | family of minerals that includes elements + oxygen |
| sulfides | family of minerals that includes elements + sulfur |
| halides | family of minerals that includes elements + halogens |
| carbonate | family of minerals that includes elements + CO3 (members of this family react with acids) |
| sulfate | family of minerals that includes elements + SO4 |
| silicate | family of minerals that includes elements + silicon and oxygen; largest mineral family |
| streak | the color of the powder from a mineral that is left on a piece of porcelain tile |
| luster | how a mineral reflects light from its surface, metallic or non-metallic |
| hardness | a mineral’s resistance to being scratched |
| Mohs scale | the standard rankings used to compare mineral hardness |
| specific gravity | the ratio of mineral’s density to the density of water calculated by dividing the mass of a sample by the mass of an equal volume of water |
| cleavage | the property of a mineral to break in a flat plane |
| fracture | the property of a mineral to break unevenly |
| crystal structure | a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystalline pattern that gives a mineral its shape |
| special properties | unique characteristics of minerals such as fluorescence, magnetism, refraction, and radioactivity |