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SQ Vocab 3

Evolutionary Biology

QuestionAnswer
The divergence of a common ancestor into several new species in a new environment. Examples: Darwin’s finches and Hawaiian drosopholid flies. Adaptive radiation
Geographic separation of a species. Allopatry
Choosing a mate based on shared physical or behavioral traits. Assortative mating
A rare type of natural selection which favors heterozygotes. Balancing selection
Refers to analogous features. Convergence
A measure of the number of its own alleles that an organism passes to the next generation through reproduction. Direct fitness
A type of natural selection which favors traits at one end of the spectrum. Directional selection
A type of natural selection which favors traits at both ends of the spectrum. Disruptive selection
The accidental replication of a portion of a chromosome. Duplication
A trait that has changed in purpose over time. Exaptation
An increase in the frequency of an allele to 100%; results from either genetic drift or natural selection. Fixation
Transfer of genetic information between two different species. Horizontal transfer
The combination of direct and indirect fitness. Inclusive fitness
A measure of the number of alleles identical to an organism’s own that an organism contributes to the next generation; this is achieved by the organism helping its relations. Indirect fitness
A phenomenon of recombination in which two alleles stay together more than statistically predicted. linkage disequilibrium
Erasmus Darwin’s term for “common ancestor” in his book Zoonomia. living filament
Early Mendelians believed evolution results from this type of mutation. Macromutation
The development of an individual organism. Ontogeny
Charles Darwin’s “much abused” theory of inheritance. Pangenesis
A type of natural selection that favors intermediate traits. Stabilizing selection
Inaccurate simplification for natural selection. Survival of the fittest
Created by: minty_choco
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