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Cell Membranes
Transport across cell membranes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What 2 substances make up the cell membrane? | proteins and phospholipids |
| What term would describe a membrane that only allows certain molecules pass through? | selectively-permeable |
| Name 2 examples of small molecules that can pass through a membrane. | oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, glucose, amino acids, etc. |
| Name 2 examples of large molecules that cannot pass through a membrane. | starch, protein, fat, red blood cells, etc. |
| What 3 conditions may damage the structure of the cell membrane? | acids, high temperatures, alcohol. |
| Why is it important that substances are able to pass across the cell membrane? | to receive nutrients and expel waste products |
| What are 2 examples of passive transport across the membrane? | diffusion and osmosis |
| Define diffusion. | The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration down a concentration gradient. |
| Define osmosis. | The movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane. |
| What would happen to an animal cell which has been placed in pure water? | cell would swell and burst |
| What would happen to an animal cell which has been placed in a concentrated sugar solution? | cell would shrink and shrivel |
| What would happen to a plant cell which has been placed in pure water? | cell would become turgid |
| What would happen to a plant cell which has been placed in a concentrated salt solution? | cell would become plasmolysed |
| When a plant cell becomes turgid, where is most of the water stored? | vacuole |
| Which structure in the plant cell prevents the cell from bursting when placed in pure water? | cell wall |
| Define active transport. | The movement of molecules (ions) from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration against a concentration gradient. |
| What is the main difference between passive and active transport? | Passive transport does not require energy, active transport does require energy. |
| In which cell structure is the energy for active transport produced? | mitochondria |
| Which 3 letters represent the scientific name for 'energy'? | ATP |
Created by:
Kyle.Academy
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