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SQ 5.3
Evolution and Tinkering
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What theory united terrestrial phenomena with extraterrestrial phenomena? | Newton’s laws |
| What theory unites chemistry and atomic physics? | Quantum mechanics |
| What theory unites optics and electromagnetism? | Maxwell’s theory of magnetic fields |
| What theory unites thermodynamics and mechanics? | Statistical mechanics |
| Who claimed that scientific development is sparked by “the invention of a possible world or a tiny fraction of that world”? | Peter Medawar |
| Hydrogen comprises about this percentage of all matter. | 80% |
| Helium comprises about this percentage of all matter. | 20% |
| Elements besides hydrogen and helium comprise about this much of all matter. | 1% |
| George Simpson estimates that this many species have gone extinct. | 500 million |
| About how many conceptions lead to spontaneous abortions? | 50% |
| What is the black box of molecular biology? | the bacterium |
| What is the known temperature range for environments in which life exists? | -20 degrees C to 70 degrees C |
| About how many nucleotides does it take to code for a medium-sized protein? | 1000 |
| These primitive pouches evolved from the fish esophagus and into lungs. | diverticula |
| What are the three main components of eyes? | pinhole, lens, and tubes |
| In mollusks, the photoreceptors point (towards/away) from light. | towards |
| In vertebrates, the photoreceptors point (towards/away) from light. | away |
| Which part of the brain controls emotions and basic drives? | Rhinencephalon |
| Which part of the brain is the intellectual center? | Neocortex |
| About how many proteins are involved in blood coagulation? | 10 |