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Goodrich Ecosystems
Review for Vocabulary Animals and Ecosystems
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Organism | Any living being--ex: plants and animals |
| ecosystem | an environment where plants and animals live--includes biotic and abiotic--ex: pond, desert, forest, etc. |
| biosphere | the part of the atmosphere where living things can breathe--only part with oxygen--includes all biomes |
| parasitism | living off of something else (host)--parasite benefits, host is harmed--ex: mosquitoes, head lice, fleas, ticks, etc. |
| food web | when all of the food chains in an area are connected and form a web--shows flow of energy from one organism to another |
| biotic | living parts of an ecosystem |
| abiotic | nonliving parts of an ecosystem |
| food chain | shows where the energy flows, what eats what |
| commensalism | one organism benefits by living off another but does not harm it--ex: flies using animals as transportation or a remora fish using a shark as protection from predators |
| aquatic | animals that live in water: ex: sharks, dolphins, water bugs |
| terrestrial | animals that live on land: examples: dogs, cats, deer, fleas |
| overgrazing | this happens when too many animals eat too much of the producers and it harms the ecosystem |
| prey | an animal that gets hunted and eaten by another animal--ex: a fox hunts and eats a rabbit (prey) |
| predator | an animal that hunts and eats other animals--ex: a fox (predator) hunts and eats a rabbit |
| carnivore | a consumer that only eats other consumers |
| herbivore | a consumer that only eats producers |
| omnivore | a consumer that eats both consumers and producers |
| producer | an organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis (plants) |
| consumer | an organism that must get energy by eating other organisms |
| decomposer | organisms that help break down and rot dead organisms--examples: bacteria and fungi |
| scavenger | an animal that eats dead animals--ex: possum, vulture, crow, coyote |
| nonnative species | an organism that does not naturally appear in an area--ex: polar bear in Arkansas |
| native species | an organism that naturally appears in an area--ex: deer in Arkansas |
| communities | groups of different organisms living together: example: all of the organisms that live in the Carlisle woods |
| population | a group of the same species living together--ex: the black bears living in Carlisle |
| natural disaster | this affects the food chains by taking animals' homes, food sources, etc.--ex: tornado |
| limiting factors | what all living organisms need to survive: food, water, shelter, space |
| carbon cycle | plants take in carbon dioxide, make carbon, animals eat plants, animals die, carbon goes back into the soil |
| carbon dioxide cycle | Plants take in CO2 and release 02. Consumers do the opposite. |
| overpopulation | too many of the same organisms living in one area--affects the limiting factors |
| open aquaria | lid off |
| closed aquaria | lid on |
| nitrogen cycle | plants take in nitrogen from the soil, animals eat plants, animals die, nitrogen goes back to the soil |
| urban develpment | building homes, factories, etc--takes animals' homes |
| energy pyramid | the flow of energy from least amount of energy to the greatest--bottom has most energy |
| niche | the role of an organism in its ecosystem |
| habitat | where an animal lives |
| ecology | the study of ecosystems (biotic and abiotic) |
Created by:
mrsgoodrich
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