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Erosion & Deposition
6th Grade
Term | Definition |
---|---|
delta | large deposit of sediment that forms where a stream enters a large body of water |
deposition | laying down or settling of eroded material |
erosion | removal of weathered material from one location to another |
process | ongoing event or series of related events |
abrasion | grinding away of rock or other surfaces as particles carried by wind,water, or ice scrape against them |
dune | pile of windblown sand |
longshore current | flows parallel to the shoreline |
meander | broad, C-shaped curve in a stream |
glacier | large mass of ice that formed on land and moves slowly across Earth's surface |
landslide | rapid downhill movement of soil, loose rocks, and boulders |
mass wasting | downhill movement of a large mass of rocks or soil because of gravity |
moraine | mound or ridge of unsorted sediment deposited by a glacier |
outwash | layered sediment deposited by streams of water that flowed from a melting glacier |
talus | pile of angular rocks and sediment from a rockfall |
till | mixture of various sizes of sediment deposited by a glacier |
features that are created due to glacier erosion | Aretes, Horn, Cirque, Hanging Valley, U-shaped Valley |
What are the stages of stream development? | young, mature, old |
Characteristics of young stream | swift, rapid, waterfall |
Characteristics of mature stream | smooth, meander, gentle slopes, slides, erodes quickly |
Characteristics of old stream | flat flood plain, Oxbow lakes, slow, deposition on inside curves |
How are erosion and deposition changing the face of the Earth? | Erosion & deposition move particles around |
How do wind, water, ice, and plants weather material? | They all are weathering agents. They all go up against materials & weather them. Ice & plant roots grow and expand in rocks to break them up |
Explain erosion and deposition in a river | River erosion picks up particles and moves them down the stream. Deposition lays the particles down. |
What are the factors that can affect erosion? | Speed or energy of motion of water or wing strength or resisance of rock to erode |
How can erosion be prevented? | You can put something over the surface to control runoff & by planting vegetation |
What causes mass wasting or mass movements? | Gravity causes mass wasting and mass movements. Steep topography, slope, & heavy rain |
What are examples and non-examples of mass wasting? | Examples: landslides, downhill creeps, and rockfall. Non-examples:till |
Name at least 2 places where ice sheets still exist | Antarctica, Alaska, Greenland |
What determines the amount of runoff? | rain & vegetation |
What is a broad, flat area next to a river? | flood plain |
______ is the downhill movement of a large mass of rocks or soil because of the pull of gravity. | mass wasting |
Mass wasting usually occurs on the side of a hill when the soil is _________. | soaked with rain water |
Thick _______ on slopes can help prevent mass wasting. | vegetation |
A _______ is the rapid downhill movement of soil, loose rocks, and boulders. | landslide |
In landslides, such as mudslides and _____, soil moves in a large mass. | slump |
Erosion due to mass wasting continues as long as the force of ______ is greater than other forces holding rock and soil in place. | gravity |
The material from a ______ eventually comes to rest, usually in a flat space. | slump |
_______ is a pile of angular rocks and sediment from a rockfall. | Talus |
Building on a steep slope can _____ the chances that mass wasting will occur. Removing _________ from a slop and using heavy ___________ promote mass wasting | increase vegetation construction |
A _____ is a large mass of ice that formed on land and moves slowly across Earth's surface. | glacier |
Glaciers form where the amount of snowfall is ______ than the amount of snow melt. | greater |
________ glaciers form in mountains. | Alpine |
___________ cover large areas of land and move outward from central locations. | Ice sheets |
Glaciers cause ________ as they move, with rocks frozen in the ice, carving grooves in underlying surfaces of Earth. | erosion |
Glacial erosion can cause sharp ridges called _______ and carve out U-shaped and hanging _______. | arete valley |
Glaciers ______ materials when they melt, either when they flow downhill to warmer places or when the climate gets warmer. | deposit |
______ is a mixture of various sizes of sediment deposited by a glacier. | Till |
A mound or ridge of unsorted sediment deposited by a glacier is a ________. | moraine |
________ is layered sediment deposited by streams of water that flow from a melting glacier. It is mainly well-sorted _____ and gravel. | Outwash sand |
_____________ is the gradual increase in Earth's average temperature. | Global warming |
______ activities contribute to global warming. | Human |
Because of global warming, glaciers have been melting, which leads to a ________ in sea level. | rise |
The gouging of bedrock by rock fragments dragged by glaciers results in _______. | striations |
Till and outwash are both deposits of sediment from ________. | glacial erosion |
Leaning poles are on indication of a kind of mass movement called ______. | creep |
A _____ is a mass movement that occurs when underlying material is weakened and can no longer support material on top of it. | slump |
When particles of fine windblown sediement settle out of the air and become packed, the resulting deposit is called ________. | loess |
When a glacier stops moving forward, a ______ may be deposited in front of it. | moraine |
The boulders, sand, clay, and silt that drop from a glacier when it retreats are called ________. | till |
_____ is the process by which a glacier loosens and moves rocks. | plucking |