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Genetics Terms

Terms for genetics and Mendel's four principles.

TermDefinition
1. Traits are inherited as discrete units. Biological inheritance is determined by factor that are passed from one generation to the next -- genes.
2. Principle of Dominance Some alleles are dominant (trait is expressed) and some are recessive (trait is not expressed when dominant present).
3. Principle of Segregation 2 copies of each gene separate during gamete formation. (Each adult has 2 copies of each gene- one from each parent. These genes separate from each other when gametes are formed (during meiosis)).
4. Principle of Independent Assortment Inheritance of one trait does not influence inheritance of another.
Homozygous (Pure) Both alleles are the same.
Heterozygous (Hybrid) Each allele is different.
Genotype 2 alleles (Aa, AA, aa).
Phenotype Physical characteristic.
Allele Different versions of a gene (A, a, B, b).
In a test cross to find the unknown genotype, use... Pure/homozygous recessive.
Is this correct? WrWR No, it isn't. This should be written as WWRr.
Gamete A mature haploid male or female cell that is able to unite with another to form a zygote.
Diploid A cell with paired chromosomes (before meiosis).
Haploid A cell with half the chromosomes (after meiosis).
Created by: smh
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