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SLS Sci10 Nuclear NT

TermDefinition
alpha particle a positively charged atomic particle that is much more massive than either a beta particle or gamma radiation and is relatively slow moving; has same combination of particles as the nucleus of a helium atom
beta particle a high speed electron; emitted by a radioactive nucleus in beta decay
chain reaction an ongoing process in which one fission reaction initiates the next reaction
daughter isotope the stable product of radioactive decay
decay curve a curved line on a graph that shows the rate at which radioisotopes decay
fission a nuclear reaction in which a large nucleus breaks apart, producing two or more smaller nuclei, subatomic particles, and energy
fusion a process in which two low mass nuclei join together to make a more massive nucleus
gamma radiation rays of highenergy, short-wavelength radiation emitted from the nuclei of atoms
half-life the time it takes for a living tissue, organ, organism, or ecosystem to eliminate one half of a substance, in physics, the time required for half the nuclei in a sample of a radioactive isotope to decay, which is constant for any radioactive isotope
isotopes different atoms of a particular element that have the same number of protons but a different numbers of neutrons
light one form of radiation that is visible to humans
mass number the total number of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus of an atom
nuclear equation a set of symbols that indicates changes in the nuclei of atoms during a nuclear reaction
nuclear reaction the process in which an atom’s nucleus changes by gaining or releasing particles or energy
parent isotope the isotope that undergoes radioactive decay
radiation high-energy rays and particles emitted by radioactive sources
radioactive decay the process in which the nuclei of radioactive parent isotopes emit alpha, beta, or gamma radiation to form decay products
radiocarbon dating determining the age of an object by measuring the amount of carbon-14 remaining in it
Created by: ntaron7
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