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Spinal Cord Imjury
Neuro Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many segments of spinal nerves? How many per segment? | 31 segments; pair of nerves per segment |
| Nerve tissue is protected by vertebral column and surrounded by ____________ | Meninges |
| Spinal canal is extension of ______ ventricle and _____ | 4th, CSF |
| How many cervical? | 8 |
| Nerves for head, neck, arm, and head muscles operated by what? | Cervical |
| Hand and chest muscles operated by what? | Thoracic |
| How many thoracic? | 12 |
| How many lumbar? | 5 |
| Back hips, anter/lower extremity muscles operated by what? | Lumbar |
| How many sacral? | 5 |
| Buttocks, perineum, inner thigh, posterior leg and sole of foot operated by | Sacral |
| How many coccygeal? | 1 |
| Lower back operated by what? | Coccygeal |
| Separated by disc (shock absorber) | Vertebra |
| Dorsal/posterior root responsible for | sensory input |
| Ventral/anterior root responsible for | Muscles |
| Site of injury and impairment usually ascends 1-2 levels due to | edema |
| C,T,L & #: Needs ventilator | C4 and above |
| C,T,L & #: Can wheel in regular wheelchair | C7-C8 |
| C,T,L & #: Hard to sit up by self | T2-T12 |
| C,T,L & #: Will need help with elimination | Above S2-S3 |
| C,T,L & #: Paraplegia | L2-S1 |
| Blow to spinal column, spinal cord jarred or shaken, temp loss of function for hours or days | Concussion |
| Caused by fracture, dislocation or direct trauma to cord, bruised, resulting hemorrhage and edema of cord; degree of neuro dysfunction depends on severity of injury | Contusion |
| Occurs as a result of squeezing or pressure on the spinal cord. | Compression |
| Tear or cut | Laceration |
| Bleeding within or surrounding the cord, result in compression of cord | Hemorrhage |
| Interruption of blood flow and ischemia | Infarction |
| Result of initial insult or trauma and usually permanent | Primary injury |
| Progressive damage in which nerve fibers begin to swell and disintegrate resulting in ischemia, hypoxia, edema, hemorrhage. | Secondary injury |
| Damage of spinal injury is possibly reversible if treated within ___ to _____ hours after injury (but not usually, especially if cord severed) | 4 to 6 |
| Injuries are classified according to the degree of loss of motor and sensory function _______ the level of injury | Below |
| _________ spinal cord injury indicates complete loss of voluntary motor and sensory functions _____ the level of injury | Complete; below |
| Paralysis of all four extremities | Tetraplegia (Quadraplegia) |
| Injuries to thoracic or lumbar cord area results in | Paraplegia |
| ____________spinal cord injury will have preservation of sensory and motor function below the level of injury | Incomplete |
| With ________ spinal cord injury, person may have feeling but not be able to move | Incomplete |
Created by:
mreedy
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