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Weather Factors
Weather factors study guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Electromagnetic Waves | Electromagnetic waves are waves that contain an electric field and a magnetic field and carry energy. They travel at the speed of light. |
| Radiation | the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles that cause ionization. |
| Infrared Radiation | Infrared (IR) radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation. The wave is longer than light which humans can see and shorter than microwaves. |
| Ultraviolet Radiation | the part of the electromagnetic spectrum where wavelengths are just shorter than those of ordinary, visible violet light but longer than those of x-rays. |
| Visible Light | Light that we can see in between infrared and ultraviolet in the spectrum of electromagnetic waves. |
| ROYGBIV | Colors in the spectrum of visible light.Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet. |
| Scattering | the process in which electromagnetic radiation or particles are deflected or diffused |
| Greenhouse Effect | the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface. |
| Thermal Energy | Thermal energy is the internal energy of an object due to the kinetic energy of its atoms and/or molecules. |
| Temperature | the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch. |
| Conduction | the process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential between adjoining regions, without movement of the material. |
| Convection | the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat. |
| Convection Current | a current in a fluid that results from convection. |
| Wind | the perceptible natural movement of the air, especially in the form of a current of air blowing from a particular direction. |
| Anemometer | an instrument for measuring the speed of the wind, or of any current of gas |
| Wind Chill Factor | is the perceived decrease in air temperature felt by the body on exposed skin due to the flow of air |
| Local Winds | unequal heating of the earth's surface over a small area causing wind. |
| Sea Breeze | a breeze blowing toward the land from the sea, especially during the day owing to the relative warmth of the land. |
| Land Breeze | a breeze blowing toward the sea from the land, especially at night, owing to the relative warmth of the sea. |
| Global Winds | unequal heating of the earth's surface over a large area causing wind. |
| Coriolis Effect | The path of the sun causes unequal heating of the earth's surface causing global winds. |
| Latitude | the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator, or of a celestial object north or south of the celestial equator, usually expressed in degrees and minutes. |
| Jet Stream | a narrow, variable band of very strong, predominantly westerly air currents encircling the globe several miles above the earth. There are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres. |
| Water Cycle | the cycle of processes by which water circulates between the earth's oceans, atmosphere, and land, involving precipitation as rain and snow, drainage in streams and rivers, and return to the atmosphere by evaporation and transpiration. |
| Evaporation | Evaporation is the process of a substance in a liquid state changing to a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature and/or pressure. |
| Humidity | a quantity representing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere or a gas. |
| Relative Humidity | the amount of water vapor present in air expressed as a percentage of the amount needed for saturation at the same temperature. |
| Psychrometer | a hygrometer consisting of a wet-bulb and a dry-bulb thermometer, the difference in the two thermometer readings being used to determine atmospheric humidity. |
| Condensation | water that collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it. |
| Dew Point | the atmospheric temperature (varying according to pressure and humidity) below which water droplets begin to condense and dew can form. |
| Cumulus | a cloud forming rounded masses heaped on each other above a flat base at fairly low altitude. Means fair weather. |
| Stratus | cloud forming a continuous horizontal gray sheet, often with rain or snow. |
| Cirrus | cloud forming wispy filamentous tufted streaks (“mare's tails”) at high altitude, usually 16,500–45,000 feet (5–13 km). |
| Precipitation | the action or process of precipitating a substance from a solution. |
| Droughts | a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall; a shortage of water resulting from this. |
| Rain Gauge | a device for collecting and measuring the amount of rain that falls. |
Created by:
Alliyoun
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