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Musculoskeletal
Loose packed position and closed packed position of joints
| Joint | Position |
|---|---|
| Facet (spine) | Loose packed - Midway between flexion and extension; Close packed - extension |
| Temporomandibular | Loose packed - Mouth slightly open; Close packed - clenched teeth |
| Glenohumeral | Loose packed - 55 deg abduction, 30 deg horizontal adduction; Close packed - abduction and lateral rotation |
| AC joint | Loose packed - Arm at side; Close packed - arm abducted to 90 deg |
| SC joint | Loose packed - Arm at side; Close packed - maximum shoulder elevation |
| Ulnohumeral | Loose packed - 70 deg flexion, 10 deg supination; Close packed - extension |
| Radiohumeral | Loose packed - Full extension, full supination; Close packed - elbow flexed 90 deg, forearm supinated 5 deg |
| Proximal radioulnar | Loose packed - 70 deg flexion, 35 deg supination; Close packed - 5 deg supination |
| Distal radioulnar | Loose packed - 10 deg supination; Close packed - 5 deg supination |
| Radiocarpal | Loose packed - Neutral w/ slight ulnar deviation; Close packed - extension w/ radial deviation |
| CMC joint | Loose packed - Midway between abduction/adduction and flexion/extension |
| MCP joint | Loose packed - Slight flexion; Closed packed - full flexion (fingers), full opposition (thumb) |
| IP joint | Loose packed - slight flexion; Close packed - full extension |
| Hip | Loose packed - 30 deg flexion, 30 deg abduction, slight lateral rotation; Close packed - Full extension, medial rotation |
| Knee | Loose packed - 25 deg flexion; Close packed - Full extension, lateral rotation of tibia |
| Talocrural (ankle) | Loose packed - 10 deg plantar flexion, midway between maximum inversion and eversion; Close packed - Max dorsiflexion |
| Subtalar | Loose packed - Midway between extremes of range of movement; Close packed - Supination |
| Midtarsal | Loose packed - Midway between extremes of range of movement; Close packed - Supination |
| Tarsometatarsal | Loose packed - Midway between extremes of range of movement; Close packed - Supination |
| Metatarsophalangeal | Loose packed - Neutral; Close packed - Full extension |
| Interphalangeal | Loose packed - Slight flexion; Close packed - Full extension |