Inability to initiate movement (Parkinson's disease)

Generalized weakness, secondary to cerebellar pathology

Inability to perform coordinated movements

Condition that presents with involuntary movements combined w/ instability of posture

Movements are sudden, random, and involuntary

In a hypertonic joint, the greatest resistance is at the initiation of a range of movement that lessens with movement through the entire range

Involuntary alternating spasmodic contraction precipitated by a quick stretch reflex; characteristic of an UMN lesion

Resistance to movement has a phasic quality to it; often seen in Parkinson's disease

Inability to perform rapid alternating movements

Inability to control the range of a movement and the force of muscular activity

Closely related to athetosis, however, there is larger axial muscle involvement rather than appendicular mm

Muscular twitch caused by random discharge of a LMN and its muscle fibers; suggests LMN disease, however, can be benign

Involuntary and violent movement of a large body part

Ability to perceive the direction and extent of movement of a joint or body part

There is uniform and constant resistance to ROM; often associated w/ lesions of the basal ganglia

State of severe hypertonicity where a sustained muscle contraction does not allow for any movement at a specified joint

Involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory movements secondary to a basal ganglia lesion.

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Neuro

Muscle/Movement Impairment Terminology

Term	Definition
Akinesia	Inability to initiate movement (Parkinson's disease)
Asthenia	Generalized weakness, secondary to cerebellar pathology
Ataxia	Inability to perform coordinated movements
Athetosis	Condition that presents with involuntary movements combined w/ instability of posture
Bradykinesia	Movement that is slow
Chorea	Movements are sudden, random, and involuntary
Clasp-knife response	In a hypertonic joint, the greatest resistance is at the initiation of a range of movement that lessens with movement through the entire range
Clonus	Involuntary alternating spasmodic contraction precipitated by a quick stretch reflex; characteristic of an UMN lesion
Cogwheel rigidity	Resistance to movement has a phasic quality to it; often seen in Parkinson's disease
Dysdiadochokinesia	Inability to perform rapid alternating movements
Dysmetria	Inability to control the range of a movement and the force of muscular activity
Dystonia	Closely related to athetosis, however, there is larger axial muscle involvement rather than appendicular mm
Fasciculation	Muscular twitch caused by random discharge of a LMN and its muscle fibers; suggests LMN disease, however, can be benign
Hemiballism	Involuntary and violent movement of a large body part
Kinesthesia	Ability to perceive the direction and extent of movement of a joint or body part
Lead pipe rigidity	There is uniform and constant resistance to ROM; often associated w/ lesions of the basal ganglia
Rigidity	State of severe hypertonicity where a sustained muscle contraction does not allow for any movement at a specified joint
Tremor	Involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory movements secondary to a basal ganglia lesion.

Created by: glopez111

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