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5 Science Chapter 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aluminum | a lightweight, non magnetic, silvery-colored metal that is rustproof and can be formed into almost any shape |
| bedrock | a solid, unmovable layers of rock below the subsoil; part of the earth's crust |
| coal | a black or brown rock-like substance found in layers of rock; a fossil fuel |
| concrete | a very durable artificial rock |
| copper | a reddish-orange metal; the best low-cost electrical conductor available |
| crystal | a solid form of a substance having a definite shape, flat surfaces, and sharp edges |
| diamond | the hardest substances; crystals of carbon forming a brilliant, transparent gemstone |
| fossil | the preserved remains of a plant of animal |
| gemstone | a rare, beautiful mineral which is very hard |
| geode | a rock-like object that was formed in a hole of a limestone deposit; it looks like a mudball and has crystals inside |
| geologist | a scientist who studies the structure of the earth |
| geyser | underground spring that shoots streams of boiling water and steam up into the air from time to time |
| gold | a soft, bright yellow, precious metal that is used in the manufacture of coins, jewelry & alloys |
| granite | a light-colored igneous rock which forms when liquid rock cools slowly, deep underground; forms most of the earth's crust |
| graphite | a soft, black mineral used instead of lead in pencils and used as a dry lubricant in machinery |
| humus | decaying plant and animal material |
| iron | the most useful metal |
| lava | magma that has erupted through the earth's surface |
| limestone | sedimentary rock formed from the shells of sea creatures |
| magma | hot, liquid rock within the earth; molten rock |
| marble | metamorphic rock which was once limestone |
| mercury | the only metal which is liquid at room temperature; commonly called quicksilver |
| mica | a mineral which can be easily separated into thin sheets; the black mineral found in granite |
| mineral | a substance that forms a special kind of solid called a crystal |
| mineralogist | a scientist who studies minerals |
| mold fossils | fossils that form when mud buries a plant or animal & quickly hardens around it |
| natural resource | any material found in God's creation which is helpful to man |
| obsidian | a glassy, black volcanic rock |
| Old Faithful | famous geyser in Yellowstone National Park |
| paleontologist | a scientist who studies fossils |
| petrified fossils | the remains of a plant of animal that has turned into stone |
| petroleum | an unrefined or unprocessed oil (in its natural state); crude oil |
| physical weathering | the breaking of rock by physical forces such as extreme temperature changes, germinating seeds, running water or wind |
| pumice | a light, volcanic rock that is full of air holes. It can also float. |
| quartz | a common mineral, often in the form of a crystal, that gets its color from impurities found in it; the clear mineral found in granite |
| ruby | the rarest gemstone; a clear deep red gemstone |
| sandstone | sedimentary rock made mostly of sand |
| shale | sedimentary rock formed from mud or clay; smells like mud when wet |
| silver | a shiny metal; the best conductor of electricity |
| slate | metamorphic rock which may begin as shale; was used to make chalkboards |
| soil | loose earth containing humus and tiny pieces of weathered rock |
| spelunker | someone who explores caves |
| stalactite | a stone formation hanging from the roof of a cave; formed by the evaporation of dripping water filled with minerals |
| stalagmite | a stone formation growing up from the floor of a cave; formed by the evaporation of dripping water filled with minerals |
| uranium | a silvery-white radioactive metal that is the primary source of nuclear power |
| weathering | the forming of soil from rock; there are two kinds of weathering physical and chemical |
Created by:
Mrs_CC
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