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Meteorology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ozone | form of oxygen, found in atmosphere, in the upper atmosphere it absorbs UV rays |
| troposphere | lowest level atmosphere, site of all the weather |
| stratosphere | layer of atmosphere above the troposphere |
| mesosphere | layer of atmosphere between the ionosphere and exosphere |
| thermosphere | layer of atmosphere above the mesosphere |
| conduction | transfer of heat between 2 stationary items |
| convection | vertical transport of atmospheric properties |
| radiation | process where energy is emitted as particles or waves |
| reflection | casting back light or heat, giving back or showing an image |
| scattering | process when particles in waves or beams are deflected or diffused |
| greenhouse effect | atmospheric heating |
| albedo | ratio for earth's surface or atmosphere |
| isotherms | line on a graph that connects points having equal temperatures |
| precipitation | falling products of condensation |
| latent heat | heat absorbed or radiated during a change of phase at constant temperature and pressure |
| evaporation | matter passed off in vapor |
| condensation | process by which atmospheric water vapor liquefies |
| sublimation | purification or refinement |
| humidity | moistness in the air, dampness |
| saturated | holding as much moisture as it can hold |
| dew point | temperature to which the air must be cooled for it to reach saturation |
| hygrometer/psychrometer | tool to measure water vapor in the air |
| weather front | boundary separating two masses of air of different densities |
| condensation nuclei | small particles the size of a droplet of cloud on which water vapor condenses |
| cirrus | a cloud characterized by thin white filaments or narrow bands and a composition of ice crystals |
| cumulus | a cloud characterized by dense individual elements |
| stratus | a cloud characterized by a gray horizontal layer |
| supersaturated | increase the concentration beyond saturation |
| air pressure | force exerted by air on any surface in contact with it |
| barometer | instrument that measures atmospheric pressure |
| pressure gradient | change in atmospheric pressure |
| coriolis effect | effect where mass moving in a rotation experiences a force acting perpendicular to the direction of motion |
| jet stream | narrow belt of high altitude winds |
| cyclone | large scale atmospheric wind a pressure system |
| anti-cyclone | circulation of winds around a central region of high atmospheric pressure |
| trade winds | any of the nearly constant easterly winds |
| westerlies | winds that blow from the west |
| polar easterlies | dry cold prevailing winds that blow from the high pressure areas of the poles |
| anemometer | instrument measuring the speed of wind |
| el nino | warm ocean current of variable intensity that develops after late December |
| air mass | body of air covering a relatively wide area |
| sationary front | front between warm and cold air masses that moves very slowly |
| occluded front | composite front formed when a cold front overtakes a warm front |
| storm surge | abnormal rise in the level of the sea along a coast |
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