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Meterology

unit 4 vocabulary

TermDefinition
Ozone toxic, colorless gas formed from oxygen, found in the ozone layer
Troposphere lowest region of atmosphere, weather occurs in this layer
Stratosphere above the troposphere, planes fly here, ozone layer found here
Mesosphere above the stratosphere, meteors burn up here
Thermosphere thin air, hot tempertures, above the mesosphere, outermost layer
Conduction heat transfer through direct contact
Convection warm air rises while cold air sinks because warm air is less dense
Radiation heat energy transferred in waves
Reflection throwing back energy without absorbing it
Scattering when electromagnetic radiation is diffused
Greenhouse Effect trapping the sun's warmth
Albedo the proportion of the incident light or radiation that is reflected by a surface, typically that of a planet or moon
Isotherms a curve on a diagram that joins subjects of the same conditions of temperature
Precipitation rain, snow, sleet, hail
Latent Heat the heat required to change a solid to a ligquid or vapor, or a liquid into a vapor, without changing its temperature
Evaporation when a liquid turns into a gas
Condensation when a gas turns into a liquid
Sublimation when a solid turns into a gas WITHOUT the liquid state
Humidity the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere
Saturated holding as much water or moisture as possible
Dew point atmosphereic temperature
Hygrometer/Psychrometer used to measure the density of water
Weather front a boundary separating air masses of different density
Condensation nuclei where water vapor condenses
Cirrus wispy, tufted clouds
Cumlus rounded masses heaped on each other, low altitude
Stratus continuous gray sheet, comes with rain and snow
Supersatured increased concentration
Air pressure pressure excerted by air
Barometer an instrument used to measure air pressure
Pressure gradient physical quantity that describes which direction and at what rate the pressure changes the most rapidly around a particular location
Coriolis effect an effect where a mass in a rotating system experiences force perpendicular to the motion direction and axis of rotation. On earth, the effect deflects moving objects to the right in the NH and to the left in the SH. Cylonic weather fomation.
Jet stream a narrow, variable band of very strong, predominantly westerly air currents encircling the globe several miles above the earth. There are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres.
Cyclone a system of winds rotating inward to an area of low atmospheric pressure, with a counterclockwise (northern hemisphere) or clockwise (southern hemisphere) circulation; a depression.
Anti-cyclone a weather system with high atmospheric pressure at its center, around which air slowly circulates in a clockwise (northern hemisphere) or counterclockwise (southern hemisphere) direction. Anticyclones are associated with calm, fine weather
Trade winds wind blowing gradually flowing through the equator from NE in the NH or SE in the SH, mostly at sea. 2 belts of trade wind encircle the earth blowing from the tropical high-pressure belts to the low-pressure zone at the equator.
Westerlies winds blowing from the west
Polar eastlines dry, cold windsm blowinf from high pressure areas in the north and south poles
Anemometer equipment that measures speed of wind
El Nino irregularly occuring and complex series of climatic changes that affects the equator pacific region
Air mass body of air with horizontally uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure.
Stationary front a pair of air masses where neither is strong enough to replace the other
Occluded front a composite front produced by occlusion
Storm surge the rising of the sea as a result of atmospheric changes and winds associated with storms
Created by: 3082697
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