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periodic table
Vocabulary for Matter and Elements
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | anything that takes up space and and has mass |
mass | the material/ stuff that matter is made of - it can be measured |
space/volume | specific area/place that matter takes up |
density | D=m/v the amount of mass in an specific volume of space |
atom | smallest part of an element , the building blocks of matter |
electron | particle of an atom with a negative change , moves around the nucleus and has an attractive force that allows it to bond with other atoms creating everything in the universe |
proton | particle of an atom with a positive charge located inside the nucleus. |
neutron | particle of an atom with a neutral / no charge inside the nucleus along with the proton |
Periodic Table | large grid that identifies and classifies all of the elements by their chemical and physical properties |
Element | the simplest substances that cannot broken down / they make up all of matter in the universe |
Period Rows | rows that tell how energy levels each elements has for the electrons to move around |
Groups or family columns | columns that tell how many valence electrons each element has/ the number of electrons that can move on it's outer shell/ energy level |
Valence electrons | the electrons that move on the outer shell/ energy level of an atom. |
Atomic number | how many protons an element has inside the nucleus/ usually is same number of neutrons and electrons. |
Atomic mass | the measurement of the mass for an elements atoms |
chemical property | the ability of substances to combine with one another forming new and different compounds |
physical property | the state of matter and appearance of a substance |
ionic bond | when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
covalent bond | when elements share electrons during bonding |
chemical/reaction | elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change |
compound/molecule | two or more elements combine together specific ratio/ pattern creating a whole new, and different substancees |
mixtures | two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties, they do not change into a whole new substance/ compound. |
Noble gases | all of the elements in group #18 they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell. |