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periodic table
vocabulary for matter and elements
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | anything that takes up space and has mass |
mass | the material that matter is made up of |
volume | how much room/space matter takes up |
density | D=m/v the amount of material/stuff matter takes up within a specific space |
atom | smallest part of an element, the building blocks of matter |
elements | particle of an atom that surrounds the nucleus, it has a negative charge and attractive force to bond with other atoms |
proton | particle of an atoms that positive charge located in the nucleus |
neutron | particle of an atom with a neutral/ no change located inside the nucleus along with the proton |
periodic table | large grid that identifies and classifies all of the elements by their chemical and physical properties |
element | the simplest substances that cannot be broke down/ they make up all matter in the universe |
period/rows | rows that tell how many energy levels each elements has for the electrons to move around |
groups or family/colums | columns that tell how many valence each element has/ the number of electrons that can move on its outer shell/ energy level |
valence electrons | the electrons that move on the outer shell/ energy level of an atom |
atomic number | how many protons an element has inside the nucleus/ usually is the same number of neutrons and electrons |
atomic mass | the measurement of the mass for an elements aatoms |
chemical property | the ability of substances to combine with one another forming new and different compounds and molecules |
physical property | the state of matter and appearances of a substance |
ionic bond | when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
covalent | when elements share electrons during bonding |
chemical change/ reaction | elements bond together the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reactions and change |
compound/molecule | two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio/ pattern creating a whole, new and diffrent substance |
mixture | two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties the do NOT change into a new substance/ compunnd |
Nobel gases | they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell |
haogens | they are very reactive bonding easily with elements because they have seven valence electrons and want t be stable |
alkali metals | they are very reactive because they have only one valence electron |
metalloids | elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way, they have 3--7 valance electrons |