click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Periodic Table
Vocabulary for Matter and Elements
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| matter | everything that takes up space and has mass |
| mass | the material that matter is made up of |
| volume | how much room/space matter takes up |
| density | D=m/v relates the mass of a material in a given volume |
| atom | the basic particle from which all elements are made |
| electron | a particle in a atom that has a negative charge |
| proton | particle of an atoms that positive charge located in the nucleus |
| neutron | particle in a atom that has a neutral or no charged center |
| Periodic Table | grid that identifies and classifies the elements into periods and groups by their chemical and physical properties |
| periods/rows | tell how many energy levels each elements have |
| groups/colums | tell how many valence electrons each element has the number of electrons that move on its outer shell |
| valence electrons | electrons that move on the outer shell energy levels |
| atomic number | how many protons an element has inside the nucleus usually the same number of electrons and neutrons |
| atomic mass | the measurement of mass for an elements atoms |
| chemical properties | ability of a substance to combine with one another forming |
| physical property | states of matter and appearance of a substance |
| ionic bond | when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
| covalent bond | elements share electrons during bonding |
| chemical reaction | elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change |
| compound/molecule | 2 or more elements combined n a specific ratio or pattern |
| mixture | 2 or more substances combine together keeping their original properties no new substance |
| Nobel Gases | elements in GROUP#18 most stable elements |
| Halogens | elements in GROUP#17 very reactive bonding easily |
| Alkali Metals | elements GROUP#1 very reactive |
| Metalloids | elements between metals and non-metals |