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The Comp. of Life
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Carbohydrate | an organic molecule made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen: used as a source of energy and gives structure to some types of cells |
| Monosaccarides | simple sugar |
| Polysaccarides | a polymer of sugar, meaning a long chain of sugar molecules chemically linked together |
| Starch | polysaccaride made by plants to store energy |
| Cellulose | a polysaccharide used in cell walls of plants to give cells structural support |
| Glyvogen | a polysaccharide made by animals cells to store energy short term |
| Lipids | organic molecules made up of carbon,hydrogen, and oxygen but unlike carbohydtates thaey will not dissolve in water |
| Fat | a type of lip used to store enery and as a source of fatty acids |
| Saturated fat | fat that has all slngle carbon-to-carbon bonds an dthe maximum number of hyrdogens attached to each carbon |
| Monounsaturated fat | a fat that has one doulbe carbon-tocarbon bond |
| Polyunsaturated fat | a fat that has more than one doulbe carbon-to-carbon bond |
| Essential fatty acid | fatty acids that cannot be producaed by the body byt myst be eaten; omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids are essential fatty acids for humans |
| Phospholipid | a type of lipid that helps to make up cell membranes |
| Steriod | a type of lipid that can be present in cell membranes or can make up certain hormones |
| Cholesterol | a type of steriod used in cell membranes and also used to make steriod hormones |
| Wax | a type of lipid that is usde to waterproof leaves,skin, feathers, etc |
| Proteins | an organic molecule with many improtant functions; the main structuarl componet of muscle skin bone |
| Amino acids | organic molecules that are building blocks of protein |
| Nitrogen | an aelement found in amino acids and proteins but is NOT found in carbohyrdates or fats |
| Peptide bond | the covalent bond between the amino acids in a protein |
| Nucleic acid | an organic molecule that contains catbon bydtrogen oxygen nirtogen and phosphrus an dmakes upRNA and DNA |
| Nucleotide | molecule that contains a sugar a phopshate goroup an da nitygeon base that links tohrther form RNA and DNA |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid | a nucleic acid molecule in the shape of a dulbe helic that contains deo sugar and that stores gentic information |
| Ribonucleic acid | a nuclei cacid molecule that contains robose suger |
| Double helix | the spahe similar to twisted ladder of a DNA molecule |
| Enzyne | a bioloica catalyst that enable schemica reactions to take place in the body |
| Substrate | subsgance that is vhanged bu an enzyme |
| Active site | the part of an enzyme that attaches to a a substrate |
Created by:
taylivsmith
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