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Periodic Table
Vocabulary for Matter and Elements
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | Anything that takes up space and has mass. |
| Mass | The material that matter is made up of. |
| Volume | How much room/space matter takes up. |
| Density | D=mlv the Amount of material/stuff matter takes up in a specific space. |
| Atom | Smallest part of an atom, the building blocks of all matter. |
| Electron | Particle of atom with a negative charge, moves around the nucleus and has an attractive force that allows it to bond with other atoms creating everything in the universe. |
| Proton | Particle of an atom with a positive charge located inside the nucleus. |
| Neutron | Particle of an atom with a neutral /no charge located inside the nucleus along with the proton. |
| Periodic Table | Large grid that identifies and classifies all of the elements by their chemical and physical properties. |
| Element | The simplest substances that cannot be broken down / they make up all matter in the universe. |
| Periods/Rows | Rows that tell how many energy levels each elements has for the electrons to move around. |
| Groups or Families/Columns | Columns that tell how many valence electrons each element has / the number of electrons that can move on it's outer shell / energy level. |
| Valence Electrons | The electrons that move on the outer shell / energy level of an atom/ |
| Atomic Number | How many protons an element has inside the nucleus / usually is same # of neutrons and electrons. |
| Atomic Mass | The measurement of the mass for an elements atom. |
| Chemical Property | The ability of substances to combine with one one another forming new and different compounds and molecules. |
| Physical Property | The state of matter and appearance of a substance. |
| Ionic Bond | When elements either lose or gain electron during bonding. |
| Covalent Bond | When elements share electrons during bonding. |
| Chemical Change / Reaction | Elements bond together Through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change. |
| Compound / Molecule | Two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio / pattern creating a whole, new and different . |
| Mixture | Two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties, they DO NOT CHANGE into a whole new substance / compound. |
| Noble Gases | All of the elements in Group #18 - they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell. |
| Halogens | all of the elements in Group #17 - they are very reactive bonding easily with elements in Group #1 because they have seven valence electrons and want to be stable. |
| Alkali Metals | All of the elements in Group #1 - they are very reactive because they have only one valence electron. |
| Metalloids | Elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way, they have 3-7 valence electrons. |
| Endothermic | Chemical reaction that it "takes in" energy ex. vinegar and baking soda. |
| Exothermic | Energy is released ex. sunlight/fusion |
Created by:
arissarusseau12
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