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Nutrition review
nutrition review( medix college)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Metabolic disorder | A condition characterized by the body's inability to synthesize or process food into forms the body can use for energy, growth, and development |
| Hiatus hernia | a condition in which the upper part of the stomach, which is joined to the esophagus or feeding tube moves up into the chest through a hole in the disphgram |
| Bard button | a feeding device placed permanently in the stomach to facilitate supplement feedings |
| Gastromy tube G-tube | a feeding tube inserted through and incision in the abdomen into the stomach |
| Jejunostomy J-tube | a feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall into the small bowel |
| PEG tube | a feeding tube inserted via endoscopy into the stomach or jejunum |
| Nasogastric tube | a feeding tube put through the nose into the stomach |
| Fluid retention | an accumulation if fluid in body tissue or body cavities |
| Enteral feed | feeding tube directly into the GI system |
| Gastric suction | gentle suction applied to a tube placed in the stomach to remove excess secretion that tend to accumulate in the stomach after surgery or trauma because intestine is sluggish this can prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting |
| Metabolic rate | the amount of energy expended in a given period or the amount of physical changes that occurin the body that result in heat production.Age,gender,lifestyle, envir. contributing factors |
| Bowel Sounds Present BSP | the audible return or GI movement or function. often refered to as BSx4 meaning audible in all 4 quadrants |
| Metabolism | they physiological and biochemical processes that promote growth and sustain life |
| Cardiac Diet | -patients with or have heart disease -low fat, low cholesterol, restricted salt and calories |
| Diabetic diet | -Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder -prescribed # of calories, fats, carbohydrates,and protein -plans 1200 CDA or 1400 CDA -may have snacks throughout day |
| Gluten-free diet | -Celiac disease involves atrophy of the mucosa of the upper small intestine -Elimination completely of gluten |
| High protein diet | -ordered for patients who need to gain weight or need to repair tissue |
| High calorie diet | -Ordered for clients who have had excessive weight loss from an illness or who cannot reach or maintain a healthy weight often includes supplements |
| No added salt/NAS diet | -ordered for patients who have problems with fluid retention or congestive heart failure |
| Progressive diet | -Introduces food in stages -ordered after major surgery or trauma involving GI system |
| Pureed diet | -Ordered for clients who cannot eat or swallow(dysphagia) -food is ground to a silky texture |
| When would a TPN feed be ordered? | -Ordered for extremely malnourished, preparing for sugery, receiving radiation or chemotherapy, unable to eat, major surgery, severe burns, or multiple fractures, in a prolonged coma, severe anorexia, severe inflamed bowels, or are terminally ill |
| What does NPO mean? When would you post an NPO sign? | -NPO means nothing by mouth 8-12 hrs -Fasting blood sugar or for a blood test for cholesterol and triglcerides |
| Activity effects | -people who are unable to be active due to illness or injury need less calories -individuals at the hospital are not active |
| Age effects | -Metabolic rate usually slows with age -Children have higher metabolic rate then adults due to growth |
| Gender effects | -men need more calories then woman -hormones also play a role in metabolic rates |
| illness | -Fever,trauma, and surgery will raise a person's metabolic rate -extra calories/protein are needed to promote tissue repair |
| Pregnancy | -Metabolic rate increases to meet requirements for fetal growth |
| How many grain products should an adult eat in a day? | 6-8 |
| How many food groups are there? | 4 |
| what is the "other" food group? | oils/fats |
Created by:
Baszyl03
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