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Hort. Final 1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Pollination | The transfer of pollen from a male reproduction structure to a female reproductive structure |
Guard Cells | Cells that control the opening and closing of stomata |
Complete flower | Contains both the stamen (male) and pistil (female) parts |
Epidermis | The skin of the leaf |
Pistil | The female reproductive part of a flower that produces seeds and consists of an ovary, style, and sigma |
Midrib | The vein in the center of a leaf |
Phloem | The vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants |
Oxidation | Combining oxygen with any substance |
Clorophyll | Green that gives leaves their color from photosynthesis |
Petals | Attractive part of the flower |
Veins | Form the structure framework |
Style | Tubes that lead to the ovary |
Stigma | Sticky part on the top to catch pollen |
Anther | Pollen producing structure located at the tip of a flower's stamen male sex cell Petiole |
The slender stem that supports the blade of a leaf | Petiole |
Stamen | The pollen producing male reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of an anther and filament |
Dicot | Two cotyledons or seed leaves |
Tap Root | Primary root found in some plants that grows longer and thicker than other roots |
Margins | Outside of the leaf |
Roots | Anchor, absorb water and mineral, store, reproduce |
Node | Point on a stem where a leaf is attached |
Internode | A segment of a stem between two nodes |
Vascular bundles | Plant stem structure that contains xylem and phloem tissue |
Cotyledon | First leaf or first pair of leaves produced by the embryo of a seed plant |
Transpiration | Loss of water from a plant through its leaves |
Respiration | Consume oxygen and give off carbon dioxide |
Terminal bud | Found at the very tip of the plant |
Photosynthesis | Process by which plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars |
Incomplete flower | Sepals, pistil, and stamen are present, missing are the petals |
Xylem | Vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant |
List 5 parts of the external leaf structure | Petiole, blade, veins, midrib, margins |
List the 3 forms that food is stored | Sugar, starch, protein |
List the 2 main functions of the stem | Move water and minerals, support the leaves and reproduction structures |
List 4 main parts of a complete flower | Sepal, petals, stamens, pistil |
List the 2 most important things humans receive from plants | Oxygen, food |
List 3 main things xylem does | Supports the plant, carried water and minerals up |
Function of chloroplast | Make food |
What does a fertilizes egg from the ovary grow into? | Fruit or seed |
Seedling | A young plant |
Egg | Female element of sexual form of propagation |
Tissue culture | Method for reproducing plants using terminal bud tissue |
Flat | box with slotted bottom used to start seedlings |
Endosperm | Part of the inside of a plant that is the seed's food sources |
Seed coat | The outer covering of a seed |
Enhanced | Improve the product |
Hybrid | Offspring of 2 different varieties of plants |
Pollen | Male sex cells |
Cotyledons | First leaves to appear on a plant, the seed leaves |
Hardening off | Gradually subjecting plants to more difficult growing conditions by withholding water and decreasing temperature: prepares plats for transplanting |
Propagation | Increasing the number |
Embryo | New plant |
Come true to seed | When plants reproduce exact duplicates of themselves |
Vermiculite | Expanded mica |
Jiffy mix | Equal parts shredded sphagnum moss peat, fine grade vermiculite |
Sphagnum | Sterile and light weight, controls disease well |
Peat moss | Partially decomposed vegetation that has preserved under water |
Perlite | A white granular material used to help loosen or open up spaces in rooting media for aeration |
Sand | More porous, more drainage |
Soil | 1/3 clay, 1/2 silt, 1/3 sand |
List and define the three basic parts of a seed | Seed coat-outside covering, endosperm-food storage, embryo-new plant |
Best temperature for germinating seed | 65 to70 degrees |
Why harden off plants? | Prepare plant for transplanting, prepare the plant for move outside |
Layering | Asexual reproduction in which roots developed on the stem of a plant while still attached to the parent plant |
What modern development has greatly increased the success rate of air layering | Polyethylene film |
Lists six types of layering | air, trench, stool, compound tip, simple |
Girdle | completely removing bark and cambium |
Two functions of the landscaping industry | Improve our natural environment, meet the needs and desires of the homeowner |
List 3 major professions in the landscaping industry | Landscape architect, landscape designer, landscape contractor |
Landscape architect | Highly educated 4-5 years in art and science courses |
Landscape designer | Highly educated graphic artist |
Landscape contractor | Installs landscaping |
Objectives of residential landscaping | Serve the needs and desires of the homeowner, determine the capabilities of the site |
Two subjects areas integrated to make landscaping | Art and science |
Five basic principles of landscaping | Simplicity, balance, focalization of interest rhythm and line, scale and proportion |
Simplicity | fewer different objects there are the simpler the design |
Balance | Visual weight between left and right symmetry, can be symmetrical or asymmetrical |
Focalization of interest | One feature in the landscaping is more important, use line an rhythm to guide the eye to one important item in the landscape |
Rhythm and line | Over all unity |
Scale and proportion | All elements in proportion |
Formula to calculate cubic feet | Length in feet times width in feet times depth in feet divided by the number of cubic feet/ cubic yards # ft. X # width X depth / # of cubic feet |
Xeriscape | Dry landscaping: used to conserve water |
Acer | Maple |
Family | Similar flower structures |
Pelargonium | Geranium |
Genera | Plural of genus |
Betula | Birch |
Papaver | Poppy |
Chrysanthemum | Mum |
Field Capacity | Water left after capillary movement stops, |
Most important type of water for plants | Field Capacity |
What is the pH scale? | An indicator that tells if the soil is acidic or alkaline |
What do the number mean on the pH scale? | When the number is below 7, the soil is acidic; when the number is above 7, the soil is alkaline; when the number is at 7, the soil is neutral |
Which part of the plant visually indicates that the plant is suffering a nutritional deficiency? | The leaves |