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Biology: Chapter 8.1

Chapter 8.1 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Chromosome rod-shaped structures made of DNA and proteins
Histone proteins that maintain the shape of the chromosome and aid in the tight packing of DNA; is wrapped around by DNA in eukaryotic cells
Chromatid each half of the chromosome
Centromere the point that attaches the two chromatids
Chromatin the less tightly coiled DNA-protein complex
Sex Chromosome chromosomes that determine the sex of an organism, and they may also carry genes for other characteristics
Autosome all of the other chromosomes in an organism
Homologous Chromosome the organism receives one copy of each autosome from each parent; the two copies of each autosome are called these
Karyotype a photomicrograph of the chromosomes in a normal dividing cell found in a human
Diploid cells having two sets of chromosomes
Haploid sperm cells and egg cells; contain only one set of chromosomes; have half the number of chromosomes that are present in diploid cells
Created by: truongm19
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