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weather unit vocab 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atmosphere | the mixture of gasses around Earth |
| air pressure | measure of force which particles in the air push on an area |
| troposhere | lowest layer of the atmosphere |
| stratosphere | 2nd layer of atmosphere, 50km up |
| mesosphere | meteors are destroyed here, 3rd layer of atmosphere |
| ionosphere | layer above the stratosphere |
| exosphere | last layer of atmosphere |
| thermosphere | thermal energy is transferred by touch |
| ozone layer | protects earth from harmful radiation |
| greenhouse effect | process which gases in the atmosphere adsorb and give off infrared radiation |
| temperture | average kinetic energy in the air |
| thermal energy | total kinetic energy in the air |
| thermal expansion | increase in volume that results from an increase in temperture |
| heat | is energy transferred between objects a different temperture |
| radiation | transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves |
| convection | transfer of energy through movement of matter |
| conduction | transfer of energy through direct contact |
| wind | movement of air |
| Coriolis effect | the apparent curving of the path an object is going even if it is going straight |
| Jet stream | narrow belts of high speed winds that travel west to east |
| local wind | movement of air over short distances |
| land breeze | during night the cooler air of the land blows to the sea |
| sea breeze | during the day the cooler air of the sea blow onto the land |
| mountain breezes | at the night the cool breezes come off the mountain to the valley |
| valley breeze | at day the cool air of the valley blows to the mountains |
| global winds | the wind systems across Earth |
| trade winds | 30 degree to equator blow to west |
| westerlies | between 30 degrees and 60 curve east |
| polar easterlies | between poles and 60 degrees, cold sinking air |
| horse latitudes | at 30 degrees air sinks |
| doldrums | the trade winds meet here, at the equator |
| weather | the condition of Earth's atmosphere at a certain time |
| humidity | amount of water vapor in air |
| relative humidity | amount of water vapor in the air compared to the amount in the land |
| dew point | temperature saturation when more condensation then evaporation |
| precipation | any form of water falling to Earth's surface |
| cirrus | wispy clouds made of ice |
| cumulus | form in fair weather, can produce rain |
| stratus | they spread, low and dark can produce rain |
| air pressure | force of air pushing at a certain point |
| high air pressure density | air sinks and moves outward, clockwise |
| low air pressure density | air rises can cause clouds and rain |
| air mass | large volume of air in temp. is constant |
| front | forms between air masses |
| warm front | follows cold air front |
| cold front | pushes warm air up |
| stationary front | warm,cold front stay still |
| occluded | the force of a cold front pushing a warm front up |
| evaporation | liquid turns into solid |
| condensation | when water vapor becomes a liquid |
| runoff | when water goes back to a large body of water |
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