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Bowel

Bowel & Elimination key words

TermDefinition
Anus Opening at the end of anal canal.
Bowel Incontinence The inability of the anal sphincter to control the discharge of fecal and gaseous material.
Bowel Training Program Program that manipulates factors within a person's control (timing of defecation, exercise, diet) to produce a regular pattern of comfortable defecation without medication or enemas.
Cathartics Medication that strongly increases gastrointestinal motility and promotes defecation.
Chyme Semifluid state that food is in when it leaves the stomach.
Colostomy An opening into the colon that permits feces to exit through the stoma.
Constipation Passage of dry, hard fecal material.
Defecation Emptying of the intestinal tract; synonym for bowel movement.
Diarrhea Passage of liquid and unformed stools.
Endoscopy Direct visualization of hollow organs of the body using an endoscope (a flexible, lighted tube).
Enema Introduction of solution into the lower bowel.
Fecal impaction Collection in the rectum of hardened feces that cannot be passed.
Fecal incontinence Involuntary or inappropriate passing of stool or flatus.
Feces Intestinal waste products.
Fissure A linear break on the margin of the anus.
Flatulence Excessive formation of gasses in the GI tract.
Flatus Intestinal gas.
Hematochezia The passage of bright red bloody stools usually indicating bleeding in the large intestine.
Hemorrhoids Abnormally distended rectal veins.
Hypertonic Having a greater osmotic pressure than a reference solution, which is ordinarily assumed to be blood plasma or interstitial fluid; more specifically refers to a fluid in which cells would shrink.
Hypotonic Having a greater osmotic pressure than a reference solution, which is ordinarily assumed to be blood plasma or interstitial fluid; more specifically refers to a fluid in which cells would swell.
Ileostomy Opening into the small intestine allows fecal content from the ileum to be eliminated through the stoma.
Large Intestine Primary organ of bowel elimination, the lower or distal part of the GI tract.
Laxative Drug used to induce emptying of the intestinal tract.
Mastication The act of chewing.
Occult blood Blood present in such minute quantities that it cannot be detected with the unassisted eye.
Ostomy General term referring to an artificial opening; usually used to refer to an opening created for the excretion of body wastes.
Paralytic ileus Paralysis of intestinal peristalsis.
Peristalsis Involuntary, progressive, wave-like movement of the musculature of the GI tract.
Small intestine Made up of the duodenum, jejunum and the ileum. Secretes enzymes that digest proteins and carbs. Responsible for digestion of food and absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.
Stoma Artificial opening for waste excretion located on the body surface.
Stomach Hollow, J-shaped muscular organ located in the left upper portion of the abdomen. Stores food during eating.
Stool Excreted feces
Suppository Oval or cone-shaped substance that is inserted into a body cavity that melts at body temperature.
Valsalva maneuver Forcible exhalation against a closed glottis, resulting in increased intrathoracic pressure.
Created by: morgancoady
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