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Fundamentals Ch. 16
Health Asessment & Physical Examination
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adventitious sounds | abnormal lung sounds heard with auscultation |
| arcus senilis | Opaque ring, gray to white in color, that surrounds the periphery of the cornea. The condition is caused by deposits of fat granules in the cornea. Occurs primarily in older adults. |
| atrophy | thinning of skin with loss of normal skin furrow with skin appearing shiny and translucent; varies in size (e.g., arterial insufficiency) |
| auscultation | listening for sounds produced by the body |
| bruit | abnormal sound or murmur heard while auscultating an organ, gland or artery |
| cerumen | yellowish or brownish waxy secretion produced by sweat glands in the external ear |
| costovertebral angle | formed by the last rib and vertebral column, is a landmark used during palpation of the kidney |
| crackles | fine, bubbling sounds heard on auscultation of the lung; produced by air entering distal airways and alveoli, which contains serous secretions |
| cyanosis | bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by an excess of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood or a structural defect in the hemoglobin molecule |
| dorsum | Back of the hand. |
| dyspnea | breathlessness, sensation of shortness of breath |
| erythema | redness or inflammation of the skin or mucous membranes that is a result of dilation and congestion of superficial capillaries; sunburn is an example |
| edema | abnormal accumulation of fluid in interstitial spaces of tissues; swelling |
| indurated | hardened |
| inspection | method of physical examination by which the patient is visually systematically examined for appearance, structure, function, and behavior |
| integument | consists of skin, hair, scalp, and nails |
| intercostal space | between the ribs |
| jaundice | yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera caused by greater-than-normal amounts of bilirubin in the blood |
| olfaction | smelling |
| orthopnea | must be in upright position to breathe |
| pallor | unusual paleness |
| palpation | the use of hands to touch body parts and make sensitive assessments |
| percussion | tapping the body with the fingertips to produce a vibration that travels through the body tissues |
| petechiae | pinpoint-size red or purple spots on the skin caused by small hemorrhages in the skin layers |
| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein |
| thrill | continuous palpable sensation, like the purring of a cat |
| turgor | normal resiliency of the skin caused by the outward pressure of the cells and interstitial fluid |
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