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8 Sci Test 4 Ch 4

8 Scie Test 4 Ch 4

TermDefinition
abrasion eroding action of windblown sand
aeolian suspension, saltation, and creep, in which wind transports sediments
alluvial fan fan-shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a dry stream bed in the desert
barrier islands narrow, sandy islands that lie off the coast of the mainland
breakwater a long pile of rocks deposited parallel to the shore to prevent erosion
carbonic acid natural acid, found in rainwater and ground water, promotes chemical weathering of rock
caverns limestone formations that have become filled with various passageways and large caves
chemical weathering when minerals in rock react chemically with air or water, and the minerals weaken or even dissolve away, causing the rock to crumble
cirque huge bowl-shaped depression dug out by a valley glacier
continental glacier large sheets of glacial ice that cover huge areas of relatively flat land
creep process in which particles too heavy to be lifted by the wind are rolled in short bursts
crevasses the deep cracks that develop on the surface of a glacier
deflation most important effect of wind erosion
delta fan-shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a river
drainage basin region of land drained by a stream or river system
drumlin a low hill formed when a glacier overruns a moraine
erosion the carrying away of rock fragments, such as by wind or running water
exfoliation type of weathering involves the breaking or peeling away or rock into layers
fjord fomed when a glacier-carved valley fills with seawater
floodplain land that borders a river and is covered by river water in flood time
headwaters the source of a river
horn sharp, steeple-shaped point of a mountain with three or more cirques
ice caps ice sheets smaller than continental glaciers
ice wedging type of weathering that occurs when rainwater soaks into cracks in a rock and freezes, splitting the rock
karst regions of the earth's surface where limestone is exposed and abundant
levee natural ridge formed along the edge of a river's channel
limestone type of rock most commonly associated with caverns
load the sediments carried by a stream
loess deposits of clay and silt left by a sandstorm
meander a winding, looping curve in a river on flat ground
moraines piles of debris left behind when a glacier melts
oxbow lake lake formed when a sharp curve in a river is cut off from the rest of the river
physical weathering when natural forces break down rocks
river a large stream that carries water from the mountains to the sea
river system feature formed by streams merging and flowing toward the sea as a large river
sea arch produced when a sea cave is eroded continually
sea cliff vertical face of rock that forms when the sea erodes lands
sea stack pillar-like structure of rock fomed when the middle of a sea arch collapses
sinkhole a large, funnel-shaped depression in the ground caused by cavern collapse
stalagmite spirelike mass of dripstone on the floor of a cave
striae large, deep grooves and scratches in rock, produced by glaciers
terracing method of erosion prevention that modifies a smooth slope into a series of level, stairlike steps
tributary one of numerous streams that feed into a river at various points
valley glacier rivers of ice that slowly flow down from mountainous regions into valleys; aka alpine glacier
water main agent of chemical weathering
weathering natural processes that break down rocks
Created by: Mrs_CC
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