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weather vocab
genoa middle school 2015
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atmosphere | the mixture of gasses that surrounds earth |
| air pressure | the measure of the force with which particles in the air push on an area |
| troposphere | lowest layer of the atmosphere |
| stratosphere | the layer above the troposphere |
| mesosphere | the layer above the stratosphere |
| ionosphere | reflects radio waves |
| exosphere | the layer in outer space with thin air |
| thermosphere | the upper most layer of the atmosphere |
| ozone layer | protects earth by absorbing large amounts of harmful radiation from the sun |
| greenhouse effect | process by which gasses in the atmosphere absorb and give off infrared radiation |
| temperature | measure of the average kinetic energy of particles |
| thermal energy | the total kinetic energy of particles |
| thermal expansion | increase in volume that results in an increase in temperature |
| heat | energy that is transferred between objects that are at different temperatures |
| radiation | heat transferred by electromagnetic waves |
| convection | transfer of energy by the movement of matter |
| conduction | transfer of energy from one object to another through direct contact |
| wind | movement of air caused by difference in air pressure |
| Coriolis Effect | the apparent ocurring path of moving objects from otherwise straight path due to earths rotation |
| Jet Stream | narrow belts of high speed winds that blow from east to west |
| local wind | movement of air over short distances |
| sea breeze | wind blowing from the water to land |
| land breeze | wind blowing towards the water |
| mountain breeze | air along the mountain slopes cool and move towards the valley |
| valley breeze | warm air in the mountain slopes warmer than the valley air uneven heating |
| global wind | create global wind patterns from place to place |
| trade winds | cool air over hoarse latitude sinks and produces high pressure system, blow towards and away from equator |
| westerlies | blow west to east |
| polar easterlies | cool air sinks and flows back to lower latitude |
| doldrums | calm area around the equators, weak area low pressure system |
| horse latitudes | air stops moving and sinks |
| weather | condition of earths atmosphere at a certain time and place |
| humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air |
| relative humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air compared to amount of water vapor needed to reach saturation |
| dew point | temperature at which more condensation than evaporation occurs |
| precipitation | any form of water that falls from a cloud |
| cirrus | feathery, whispery, made of ice crystals. they form when the wind is strong |
| cumulus | heap or pile. the form in fair weather |
| stratus | spread out, form in flat layers |
| air pressure (density) | force of air molecules pushing on an area. They both decrease with altitude |
| high pressure system | air sinks slowly |
| low pressure system | air comes together and rises sad weather rainy,cloudy |
| air mass | large volume of air in which temperature and moisture content are nearly the same throughout |
| front | (boundry) cool mass that is more dense than warm mass |
| warm front | a warm air mass following a retreating cold air mass |
| cold front | cold air moves under warm air |
| stationary front | not enough wind so 2 air masses remain in one place |
| occluded | mixture |
| evaporation | cool mass that is more dense than warm mass |
| condensation | water vapor cools and changes from a gas to a liquid |
| runoff | the excess of water |
| anemometer | measures wind speed |
| wind vanes | determines the direction of the wind |
Created by:
avahampton
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