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Biology: Chapter 5.1
Chapter 5.1 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Passive Transport | a process where some substances can cross the cell membrane without any input of energy by the cell |
| Diffusion | the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Concentration Gradient | the difference in the concentration of molecules across a distance |
| Equilibrium | the concentration of molecules with be the same through the space the molecules occupy |
| Osmosis | the process by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Hypotonic | when the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is lower than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is *blank* to the cytosol |
| Hypertonic | when the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is *blank* to the cytosol |
| Isotonic | when the concentrations of solutes outside and inside the cell are equal, the outside solution is said to by *blank* to the cytosol |
| Contractile Vacuole | organelles that remove water |
| Turgor Pressure | the pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall |
| Plasmolysis | the condition (in a hypertonic environment) where water leaves the cells through osmosis, the cells shrink away from cell walls, and turgor pressure is lost; reason that plants wilt of they don't receive enough water |
| Cytolysis | the condition (in a hypotonic environment) where water diffuses into the cells, causing them to swell and eventually burst; the bursting of cells |
| Facilitated Diffusion | another type of passive transport; process is used for molecules that cannot readily diffuse through cell membranes, even when there is a concentration gradient across the membrane |
| Carrier Protein | proteins that assist molecules that are not soluble in lipids, or may be too large to pass through the pores in the membranes |
| Ion Channel | another type of transport that involves these membrane proteins; transports ions from higher to lower concentrations |
Created by:
truongm19
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