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Biology U2: Ecology

Biology Unit 2: Ecology/Ecosystems

QuestionAnswer
What is Ecology? The study of interactions between organisms and their environment.
List the levels of organization in order from smallest level to largest level (from organisms to biosphere)... Organisms, Population, Community, Ecosystems, Biosphere
What is a species? A group of living organisms consisting of similar capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding
List all of the ways that populations interact in a community... Produce fertile offspring, compete for resources (food, shelter, mates, etc.)
Example of an ecosystem... A pond
What kind of things do ecosystems include? Living and nonliving elements. (Examples; water, air, sunlight, microorganisms, insects, animals)
What is a community? Several interacting populations that inhabit a common environment
How is a community different from a population? Population only has one species, where a community has many.
What is a biome? A group of ecosystems
Four examples of abiotic factors... Water, light, atmosphere, temperature
What is the name for all living factors present in an ecosystem? Biotic
What are some things that organisms rely on each other for? Energy, Nutrients, Protection
Describe the difference between a habitat and a niche... Habitat: a place where an organism lives. Niche: Something a species is good at or has a knack for.
Limiting Factors with three examples... Something that limits an organisms distribution. Ex. Competition, prey, predators, etc.
What is the main source of energy for all life on earth? The Sun
What is the name of the organism that makes its own food? (both names) Autotroph/Producer
How does an organism make its own food? What is the process called? Photosynthesis: converting the sun's energy into chemical energy which the organism can use
What is the name for an organism that must acquire its energy from other organisms? (both names) Consumer/ Heterotroph
What is a herbivore? Only consumes plants. Ex. Deer
What is a carnivore? Only consumes meats. Ex. Lion
What is an omnivore? Consumes both plants and meats. Ex Bears
What is a decomposer? Breaks down dead or decaying organic matter. They are important for cycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. Ex. Fungi
How does a food chain differ from a food web? A food chain only flows in one direction where a food web can branch off into many directions.
How does energy flow in an ecosystem? (Think sun to autotrophs to heterotrophs) The sun gives energy to autotrophs the heterotrophs then consume the autotrophs and uses its energy
How are nutrients different then energy, in regards to how they are passed in in the ecosystem... Nutrients can be reused, but energy only flows in one direction
What processes are found in the Carbon Cycle? Photosynthesis, cellular respiration, combustion
What is a mutualism relationship? Both species benefit. (They work together) Ex. Cleaning fish and sharks
What is Parasitism? Only one species benefits and the other is harmed
What is Commensalism? One species benefits and the other is neither benefit or harmed.
What is the general trend in biodiversity in biomes as the latitude moves from the arctic region towards the equator? Biomass increases as you work your way towards the equator.
What is Commensalism? One species benefits and the other is neither benefit or harmed.
What is the general trend in biodiversity in biomes as the latitude moves from the arctic region towards the equator? Biomass increases as you work your way towards the equator.
Created by: ravenrushing
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