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Comparative Anatomy
Alligator Axial and Skull Skeleton
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Neural Spine | A dorsal projection of the vertebrae |
Neural Arch | The dorsal part of the vertebrae, forming the roof of the centrum |
Centrum | The opening for the spinal cord |
Ribs | Lateral projections from the thoracic vertebrae |
Hemal Arch | The ventral part of the vertebrae, forming the floor of the centrum |
Cervical Vertebrae | Vertebrae extending from the head to the pectoral girdle |
Thoracic Vertebrae | Vertebrae extending and forming the pectoral girdle to the lumbar vertebrae, which do not have ribs |
Lumbar Vertebrae | Vertebrae extending from the thoracic vertebrae (with ribs) to the pelvic girdle |
Sacral Vertebrae | Vertebrae forming the pelvic girdle |
Caudal Vertebrae | Vertebrae extending from the pelvic girdle to the tip of the tail |
Premaxilla | Anterior most bone of the skull, hosting the nares |
Frontal | Bone between the orbitals |
Prefrontal | Anterior to the orbitals and frontal, on either side of the nasal bones |
Parietal | Posterior most dorsal bone of the skull |
Quadrate | Bone on the posterior wall of the skull, below the parietal bone, attached to the quadratojugal |
Quadratojugal | Small bone connecting the quadrate to the jugal bone |
Jugal | Lateral bone forming the lateral side of the infratemporal fenestra and the orbital |
Nasal | Bone extending from the external nares in the premaxilla to the orbitals and frontal bone |
Maxilla | Lateral bone on either side of the nasal bones, posterior to the premaxilla |
External Nares | Anterior opening on the dorsal side of the skull in the premaxilla |
Internal Nares | Posterior opening on the ventral side of the skull in the palatine bone |
Incisive Foramen | Ventral opening below external nares anterior on the skull in the palatine process of the premaxilla |
Posterior Palatine Vacuities | Openings in the ventral side of the skull, below the orbitals |
Pterygoid | Ventral process on the lateral side of the skull that articulates with the lower jaw |
External Auditory Meatus | Canal on the lateral side of the skull in the posterior position |
Supraoccipital | Dorsal, medial bone on the posterior wall of the skull |
Exoccipital | Ventral and lateral to the supraoccipital, surrounding it and forming the dorsal side of the foramen magnum |
Basioccipital | On the posterior wall below the Occipital Condyle, below the foramen magnum |
Occipital Condyle | Articulation on the posterior wall between the vertebrae and the skull |
Foramen Magnum | Large opening in the posterior wall of the skull where the spinal cord enters |
Articular | Articulation, posterior, between the lower jaw and the pterygoid of the skull |
Angular | Bone anterior to the articular that hosts the external mandibular fenestra |
Dentary | Anterior most bone of the lower jaw |
Coronoid | Small bone on the medial side of the lower jaw helping form the external mandibular fenestra |
Splenial | Bone on the medial side of the lower jaw, medial to the dentary |